Handling, Maintenance, and Disposal of Animals Containing Radioactivity
Howard J. Glenn, Lelio G. Colombetti in Biologic Applications of Radiotracers, 2019
Within any organization, there are several individuals that are directly concerned with experiments involving animals. These include the Radiological Safety Committee, the investigator, the Director of the Laboratory Animal Medicine Program and the Radiological Safety Officer. Rarely will these all be the same individual. Each person in this organization has an important function to perform. The Radiological Safety Committee promulgates overall policy and controls the issuance of a license. The Radiological Safety Officer is the operating arm of the Radiological Safety Committee and is a friend to investigators. He is the person that keeps them informed concerning the latest regulations. He can also help develop various investigative techniques and procedures. The Director of the Laboratory Animal Medicine Program is directly involved. His facilities and personnel are participants. If anything gets contaminated, he has to get it cleaned up. Without the investigator, there would be no need to do the study in the first place. Cooperation and collaboration between these groups will permit an orderly conduct of good research studies using radionuclides to measure physiologic function. If there is any animosity or antagonism, the whole program is going to suffer. If the Radiological Safety Officer refuses to permit studies to be conducted, he is soon out of a job. If the investigator does not originate innovative ideas, he will not be permitted to do investigations. If there are no investigations being performed, no laboratory animal facility is needed. Thus, cooperation is of importance.
Communicating and collaborating
John A. Bilorusky in Principles and Methods of Transformative Action Research, 2021
Now, I wish to emphasize that while each person’s inquiry should be shaped in part by their individual needs and purposes, research in general and action research in particular should be seen as a social process. Further, at its best, research involves collaboration. It involves people comparing notes, testing out their ideas with one another, critiquing and listening to each other’s observations, and carefully considering each other’s interpretations and approaches to weighing the evidence. Collaboration involves several types of cooperative effort, including 1) listening to one another to try to learn from the other’s ideas, experiences, observations, and methods of inquiry; 2) giving the other person constructive criticism to point out things they may be overlooking or overemphasizing; 3) trying to create ideas and actions which are much more significant, useful, and worthwhile than what could be created by any one person by themselves.
Natural Disasters, Environment and Health: The Role Played by International Law and European Union Law in this Field
Stefania Negri in Environmental Health in International and EU Law, 2019
International Organizations have paid attention to natural disasters and, in particular, their prevention, preparedness and response. The WHO is one example of this: the connection between complex emergencies, some of them directly related with natural disasters, such as can be seen on the webpage of this specialized agency of the United Nations, is something without doubt. Together with this fact, the relationship between environment – or natural disasters due to environmental facts – health and poverty – in many cases – are some aspects to be considered. The need to coordinate efforts to solve the problems provoked as a consequence of natural disasters, is a challenge of the international community. The word ‘cooperation’ acquires a new dimension on this field; the local, national, regional and international perspectives, together with all the actors directly and indirectly involved are relevant. Thinking globally, acting locally, are expressions that contribute to understand how to react in these cases.
A framework to understand the needs of the medical students of the future
Published in Medical Teacher, 2020
Virginia L. Rath, Lindsay Mazotti, Michael S. Wilkes
Cooperation is also a model for the future, as the workforce becomes more diverse and inter-professional relationships more important. Instead of the specialist or revered general practice doctor operating alone (the independent model), healthcare is delivered by teams providing cross-disciplinary support that extends beyond the walls of the clinic or hospital. In effect, in terms of our framework, the members must operate interdependently. In order to provide continuity and consistency of care, these teams must operate seamlessly and engender a sense of belonging, loyalty, and trust between team members and between providers and patients. Continuing to build interprofessional education programs and curricula on leadership and teamwork are additional mechanisms that can support the changing work environment.
A new definition for global bioethics: COVID-19, a case study
Published in Global Bioethics, 2022
Ruth Macklin
This is the type of situation that calls for global collaboration and cooperation. In early April 2021, WHO said it did not support mandatory proof of vaccination for international travel based on equity concerns (Stolberg & Liptak, 2021 pp. A1 and A5). An argument based on equity has a clear ethical justification: requiring a vaccination passport for individuals from countries in which vaccination rollouts are slow and access is limited is simply unjust. A different appeal to ethical considerations is the claim by opponents of certificates that requiring proof of vaccination violates individuals’ “right to medical privacy.” But like other individual rights, this one has ethically justifiable exceptions. For example, in many jurisdictions syphilis cases must be reported to a public health agency so it can find and treat anyone who has been exposed. An example that has no clear ethical justification is China's requirement that individuals must have been vaccinated with a Chinese vaccine in order to enter the country. Governments can readily make rules that apply to residents of their own countries but such rules may not be acceptable to foreigners. The likelihood that countries will come to any agreement on this matter appears to be vanishingly small.
Assisting the integration of social media in problem-based learning sessions in the Faculty of Medicine at King Abdulaziz University
Published in Medical Teacher, 2018
Zuhier A. Awan, Almuatazbellah A. Awan, Lana Alshawwa, Ara Tekian, Yoon Soo Park
An online survey was distributed to third year medical students by the facilitator using a common social media platform after their module exam in January 2016. Then, students were reminded to complete the survey on their own within 2 weeks. The facilitator wrote a narrative report on the dynamics of the class. The survey consisted of questions about demographic characteristics, followed by 18 questions rated on a five-point Likert Scale ranging from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree” with the option of choosing “not applicable”. There is one open-ended question where learners may voice their concerns and comment on the sessions. The last question asks students to rate their overall satisfaction of the implementation experiment. The survey covered the following major elements (Supplementary Appendix A):Participation and Communication.Cooperation and Team-Building.Comprehension and Reasoning.Knowledge and Information Gathering.
Related Knowledge Centers
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