The Role of the Family
Paloma Tejero, Hernán Pinto in Aesthetic Treatments for the Oncology Patient, 2020
Galindo Vázquez et al. [4], after a review of the literature, concludes that the interventions that help the most and have more evidence are as follows: Informative/psychoeducational interventions, which are aimed at providing the caregiver with training to be able to effectively carry out care for the cancer patient, management instruction and care of ostomies and catheters, and teaching of diets appropriate to the pathology and treatment.Interventions for the couple/family, which are aimed at improving communication within the family, facilitating the relationship of couple and conflict resolution. Cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoeducational techniques, and activation control techniques are usually employed.Therapeutic orientation directed to the caregivers themselves, improving or facilitating skills to attend their own physical and emotional health, self-confidence, self-efficacy, quality of life, and support systems.
Treatment of Psychological Disorders
Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay in Understanding Psychology for Medicine and Nursing, 2019
Behavior therapy refers to a number of therapeutic methods that are based on the principles of learning, and assume that maladaptive behaviors are learned ways of coping with stress and can be replaced by more appropriate adaptive responses through learning techniques. The achievement of insight is not a goal, and it is not necessary to ensure behavioral change in behavior therapy, e.g., a person with social phobia may overcome fears without having insight about their origin. Behavior therapies attempt to modify behaviors that are maladaptive in specific situations. The behaviors to be changed are specified, first, then the therapist and client prepare a specific treatment program, for the particular problem. Behavior therapy is usually a short duration therapy, lasting about 6–8 weeks. Behavior therapists are easy to train and training is usually cost-effective. Some of the important behavioral techniques will be described briefly.
An Agenda for Action III: Treatment, Evaluation, and Research
Barry Stimmel in Drug Abuse and Social Policy in America, 2014
The foundation of behavioral therapies is the belief that dependence upon a mood-altering drug is a learned behavior maintained and reinforced by conditioning due to the specific effect of drugs as reinforcers independent of other psychosocial conditions. Treatment includes developing new behavior incompatible with drug use, and learning to avoid situations associated with a high risk of recidivism. At times, techniques to relieve the anxiety accompanying the need or craving for the drug such as biofeedback, relaxation techniques, and meditation are also used. Types of behavior therapies can vary from contingency contracting-the setting up of a contract between patient and therapist resulting in rewards and/or punishments-to aversive conditioning, whereby the urge to use a drug or its actual use is coupled with an unpleasant reaction, to the actual extinction of the conditioning effect. Antabuse in alcoholism is an example of well-accepted averse conditioning. By causing nausea, vomiting, and cramps when alcohol is taken by a person on antabuse, the desire to drink is diminished. An example of extinction without adverse effects in narcotic dependency is the use of naltrexone (Trexan), a pure narcotic antagonist that prevents the heroin user from getting high. Unlike the classic psychotherapeutic approach, behavioral therapy is usually a time-limited process.
The Effectiveness of Group-based Cognitive Hypnotherapy on the Psychological Well-being of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Published in American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 2020
Mohammad Malekzadeh, Nazir Hashemi Mohammadabad, Shirali Kharamin, Sadegh Haghighi
Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on changing unhelpful cognitive distortions, development of coping styles, problem solving, interpersonal relation skills and improving emotional regulation (Beck, 2011; Dorstyn, Mathias, & Denson, 2011; Hofmann, Asnaani, Vonk, Sawyer, & Fang, 2012). Cognitive behavioral therapy includes a wide range of cognitive and behavioral techniques such as cognitive restructuring, relaxation, guided imagery, managing life stressors, assertiveness training and problem solving methods (Josefowitz & Myran, 2017; Toner, 2005). Cognitive behavioral therapy has been used in various studies to reduce chronic pain, anxiety, depression, and sleep problems (Bailey, Carleton, Vlaeyen, & Asmundson, 2010; Brenes, Danhauer, Lyles, Anderson, & Miller, 2017; Brenes, Danhauer, Lyles, Hogan, & Miller, 2015; Dysvik, Kvaløy, Stokkeland, & Natvig, 2010).
A Systematic Review of Interventions for Hope/Hopelessness in Older Adults
Published in Clinical Gerontologist, 2021
Silvia C. Hernandez, James C. Overholser
Most studies in the present review were devoid of explicit ties to theory, limiting the scientific rigor of the research and progress toward evidence-based interventions. Beck’s Hopelessness Theory of Depression (1975) identifies hopelessness as the third cognitive feature of depression, in addition to a negative view of the self and of the world. When an individual is hopeless, they are unable to imagine themselves engaging in future-oriented action and place a disproportionate emphasis on the here-and-now suffering. In practice, hopelessness might be reduced when an individual can envision their future self in a more positive, realistic manner (Gidley, 2001). Cognitive-behavioral therapy teaches individuals to reframe their negative cognitions based on evidence gathering, problem-solving, and other healthy coping skills (Beck, 2011). Similarly, PST helps decrease hopelessness by fostering a sense of self-efficacy and positive reinforcement through successfully solving present problems (Choi et al., 2016). In the present review, supporting evidence for Beck’s hopelessness theory was found in the effectiveness of Life Review Therapy, CBT, PST, and combined treatments.
Cognitive behavior stress management during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial
Published in Contemporary Nurse, 2019
Jinzhi Li, Dongfang Shao, Xiaoyue Xu, Yu Zhang, Yumin Jiang, John Hall
Studies indicated that cognitive-behavioral stress management can be used to prevent and control the stress level (Granath, Ingvarsson, Von Thiele, & Lundberg, 2006). Elements of cognitive-behavior therapy include cognitive restructuring, raising awareness about stress, relaxation training, problem-solving training, self-management and adequate social support. Of these, cognitive restructuring is the most important component in stress management theory (Abbasian, Najimi, Meftagh, Ghasemi, & Afshar, 2014). It includes two goals: (1) to accept the existence of stress events, as well as its harm to health, and (2) to provide effective methods to relieve stress (Palmer, Henderson, Sanders, Keown, & White, 2013). Cognitive-behavioral stress management has been applied successfully in many physical and emotional conditions, such as cancer (Gudenkauf et al., 2015), depression (Abbasian et al., 2014; Antoni et al., 2001), insomnia (Sánchez-Ortuño & Edinger, 2012), and heroin-dependent individuals (Zhuang, An & Zhao, 2014). Similarly, cognitive-behavioral interventions have also been used to improve sleep quality and heart rate variability in patients with major depression (Chien, Chung, Yeh, & Lee, 2015).
Related Knowledge Centers
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