The Effectiveness of an Occupational Therapy Program in an Inpatient Geropsychiatric Setting
Ellen D. Taira in Rehabilitation Interventions for the Institutionalized Elderly, 2018
The positive results of these studies indicate a need for more information on which types of therapy work best with which populations, about which settings. Gugel (1986) reviewed the following therapeutic intervention approaches for data on effectiveness: reality orientation, stimulation programs, behavior therapy, and psychotherapy. The data on reality orientation groups are equivocal and do not indicate that significant gains in orientation can be made using this technique. Stimulation programs, including body movement and perceptual and cognitive activities, have generally used subjective evaluations and the therapeutic effect of the intervention is unclear. The behavior therapy approach focuses on changing non-functional behavior to functional behavior. This approach appears to be most effective in the social, self-care, and purposeful areas of behavior, and least effective in changing cognitive and emotional functioning. Psychotherapy includes a range of techniques, from active interviews to confrontation and reality testing. Group psychotherapy is the most common format for institutions. Typical results are improved overall behavior, cognitive function, sociability, self-concept, discharge rates, and decreased depression (Parham, Priddy, McGovern, & Richman, 1982). In a study of the treatability of 96 mentally impaired, institutionalized elderly, Gugel (1979) found that an insight-oriented group psychotherapy approach resulted in significant increases in social involvement and self-esteem, responsibility for self, independence in ADLs, improved physical mobility, and increased discharge rates.
Obesity and Mood Disorders
Susan L. McElroy, David B. Allison, George A. Bray in Obesity and Mental Disorders, 2006
Extensive research has shown that both obesity and mood disorders may benefit from behavior therapy (especially cognitive-behavior therapy), physical activity (i.e., exercise), and various combinations of treatment approaches. For obesity, the NIH concluded that either behavior therapy or physical activity with a reduced-calorie diet were each modestly effective for weight loss, and that combining these approaches produced greater weight loss than either treatment alone (76). Similarly, cognitive-behavior therapy has been shown to be effective in the acute and maintenance treatment of mood disorders, particularly mild-to-moderate depression and chronic depression, and physical activity may have beneficial acute and long-term effects in outpatient depression, especially when used adjunctively (255–257). Interestingly, patients with depression, like those with obesity, can have poor exercise capacity, and major depression and obesity should each be considered in the differential diagnosis of the latter condition (258). Finally, controlled evidence suggests that combining behavioral and pharmacological treatments may be more effective than single modality treatment for both obesity (259,260) and mood disorders (261–264).
Opening Moves and Session Structure in CBT for Cancer Patients
Scott Temple in Brief Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Cancer Patients, 2017
Kelly Koerner (2012) wrote, “When you validate, accurately and with precision, you not only reduce arousal but also trigger competing responses” (p. 116). In fact, validation is a change strategy, as compelling as the more technological elements that are part of the cognitive and behavior therapies. Koerner wrote: It is tempting to view change strategies … as the main engine of therapy, the most important part of the help you offer, as if behavior therapy were a crowbar that needs a counterweight of validation to pry the patient toward change. But these views are wrong-headed and simplistic. They miss the powerful change that validation, in itself, produces.(Koerner, 2012, p. 111)
Overloaded and overlooked: Improving resident advisors' self-care
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2018
It is important for RAs to understand the necessity of self-care at the outset of assuming this challenging position. The primary method being proposed herein for incorporating behavioral interventions into housing programs that target improving self-care for RAs will be through using behavior change plans (BCP). BCPs are grounded in behavior therapy and social cognitive theory which provide individuals with a set of principles and techniques to modify their behaviors in order to increase healthy habits.25 Intentionality and a change in mindset (i.e., increased self-efficacy) are considered to be crucial to consistent behavior change.26 Two important components of behavior modification are self-regulation and goal-setting. Of the two, self-regulation is the most essential component of behavior therapy because it causes individuals to monitor their behavior patterns.26
Coping with Suicidal Urges: An Important Factor for Suicide Risk Assessment and Intervention
Published in Archives of Suicide Research, 2021
Alejandro Interian, Megan Chesin, Anna Kline, Lauren St. Hill, Arlene King, Rachael Miller, Miriam Latorre, Michael Gara, Barbara Stanley
The current study also examined suicide-related coping in relation to distress tolerance, which has been shown in previous research to be related to maladaptive coping (Anestis et al., 2012, 2013; Gorka et al., 2012; Zvolensky et al., 2010). Current results showed that each were independently predictive of a suicidal event and showed a significant, but small, correlation with one another. These results suggest that both provide important contributions to preventing suicide. Both are targeted in psychotherapies that have received support for reducing suicidal behavior (Brown et al., 2005; Jobes, 2012; Linehan et al., 2006). For example, Dialectical Behavior Therapy teaches skills to reduce life-threatening behaviors, as well as longer-term development of behavioral skills, including emotion regulation skills (Linehan, 1993). Not surprisingly, the current results are consistent with the evidence-base for these suicide-specific psychotherapies.
Real-world evidence for a prescription digital therapeutic to treat opioid use disorder
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2021
Yuri A. Maricich, Xiaorui Xiong, Robert Gerwien, Alice Kuo, Fulton Velez, Bruce Imbert, Keely Boyer, Hilary F. Luderer, Stephen Braun, Karren Williams
Evidence-based behavioral approaches for OUD are resource-intensive and challenging to implement as they require intensive training and ongoing supervision to ensure correct and consistent delivery11,12. Furthermore, in-person behavioral therapy may not be readily available to support patients in a moment of crisis. In a 2017 survey, of 8.5 million adults with co-occurring substance use disorder and any mental health issue only an estimated 8.3% received behavioral therapy4. MOUD is critical to reduce cravings via partial-agonism or antagonism of opioid receptors, but behavioral therapy is essential for reinforcing behaviors that help patients progress towards a sustainable long-term recovery. Behavioral therapy, in addition to helping patients better manage a range of life challenges, can also exert therapeutic benefits via changes in the physical structure and neurofunctional responses of the brain (i.e. neuroplasticity)13.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Behaviorism
- Classical Conditioning
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- Cognitive Restructuring
- Cognitive Therapy
- Habituation
- Operant Conditioning
- Psychotherapy
- Licensed Behavior Analyst
- Reinforcement