Tissue engineering and regeneration
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie in Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
The potential impact of tissue engineering and regenerative therapies is so far-reaching that practising surgeons should be aware of the opportunities afforded to improve radically the management of patients. Stem cell therapy has the potential to provide treatment for a wide range of diseases, including spinal cord injury and neurodegenerative conditions, cardiovascular disease, degenerative retinal conditions, type I diabetes and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The field of tissue engineering is of particular relevance to surgeons because many of the potential future clinical applications are for conditions where surgeons are closely involved in assessment and treatment (Table4.1). Selected examples include repair or replacement of injured or diseased cartilage, skin, pancreatic islets, bladder, intestine, heart tissue, arteries, larynx and bronchus. A longer-term goal in tissue engineering is the replacement of diseased whole organs such as the liver and kidney, although the technical challenges here are enormous.
Big promise, big business
Christine Hauskeller, Arne Manzeschke, Anja Pichl in The Matrix of Stem Cell Research, 2019
For X-Cell, like many other SCT businesses operating around the globe, online direct-to-consumer marketing was used to attract international patients over the course of the clinic’s operation from 2007 to 2011. In 2007 the front page of the Center’s website read (with the facility of translation into three languages: German, English, and Dutch): Are you suffering from a serious condition that has failed to respond to conventional treatment? Your chance: Stem cells from your own body (autologous stem cells) X-Cell Center is the first privately owned center in Europe specializing in using adult stem cells for the purposes of regenerative medicine. By using adult stem cells, which are taken from the patient’s own body, prepared, and then re-injected, our specialists are aiming at treating severe diseases. Stem cell therapy is promising for patients who are suffering from diseases for which standard medical treatment has no cure as yet. We apply the highest technological and medical standards in the world.(X-Cell Center, 2007)
Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine
Aruna Bakhru in Nutrition and Integrative Medicine, 2018
The major target of clinicians in anti-aging research is to focus on improving and maintaining good health during aging.Preventive anti-aging measures involving exercise and intake of food/supplements rich in anti-oxidants are the best way to live a youthful life.The less calories, the better and longer the life.The use of stem cell therapy as a potent method for repair of wear and tear in tissues as well as development of new organs is stealing the limelight.Plasmapheresis might result in prediction, prevention, and treatment of various diseases associated with aging.Though effective, gene therapy and manipulation involve high cost and skilled clinicians; therefore, it is found to be cumbersome.Last, but not least, nanotechnology is a budding new therapeutic strategy in anti-aging processes. It might take time to establish, but its results would be a boon to society.
Polysaccharide-based hydrogels for drug delivery and wound management: a review
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2022
Dhruv Sanjanwala, Vaishali Londhe, Rashmi Trivedi, Smita Bonde, Sujata Sawarkar, Vinita Kale, Vandana Patravale
Stem cell therapy, another type of cellular therapy, uses stem cells to treat and prevent various diseases and disorders. Biomimetic systems that can imitate native body tissues, like hydrogels, are the most suitable for the delivery of stem cells. For example, in the case of critical limb ischemia, a condition caused by severe occlusion of arteries in the limbs resulting in a significant reduction in blood supply to the extremities, pro-angiogenic stem cells have been explored as a new treatment modality. In a study by Wang and coworkers, HA/chitosan composite hydrogels with immobilized C domain peptide of the insulin-like growth factor 1 were explored as carriers for adipose derived stromal cells (proangiogenic cells). The hydrogels improved the viability and proangiogenic activity of the cells. Upon injection into murine models of ischemic hind limbs, the cell-laden hydrogels significantly improved blood perfusion and muscle regeneration, thereby saving the limb function [290]. Similarly, Zhang et al. fabricated nitric oxide (NO) releasing chitosan hydrogels loaded with human placenta derived mesenchymal cells for the treatment of hindlimb ischemia. The implantation of the hydrogel ameliorated the recovery of the functions of the hindlimbs with significant enhancement neovascularization [291].
Current treatments for female primary stress urinary incontinence
Published in Climacteric, 2019
A.-M. Itkonen Freitas, P. Rahkola-Soisalo, T. S. Mikkola, M. Mentula
There has been increasing interest in targeted cell therapy for SUI, but the studies have been limited to those with a small sample size, showing short-term safety and moderate efficacy results. Muscle-derived stem cells have shown short-term success rates up to 2 years, ranging from 12.5 to 50% in treatment of SUI52. Other cell types have also been used (e.g. adipose and cord blood-derived stem cells), showing promising preliminary data. In addition to different cell types, cell isolation and culture strategies were not standardized, and the number of implanted stem cells varied greatly between studies, making direct comparisons difficult to interpret. Furthermore, the long-term safety of these treatments is unknown and thus they cannot be currently recommended for clinical practice. Future studies need to define the ideal SUI patient for cell therapy, and further studies are also needed with longer follow-ups, placebo controls, and larger numbers of patients in order to clarify the role of stem cell therapy in SUI treatment.
Stromal vascular fraction technologies and clinical applications
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2019
Isabel Andia, Nicola Maffulli, Natalia Burgos-Alonso
The low number of published data derived from small, uncontrolled trials and a few randomized trials available in the medical literature contrasts with the widespread commercial offer by medical practitioners and clinic web sites marketing varied cell therapies [38], especially adipose-tissue derived stem cells in the form of SVF given the ease of obtaining and preparing this product. Although it is impossible to estimate the number of patients who have received SVF, ASCs (in the form of SVF) are the most widely marketed therapy in the US. In fact, fat yields up to 500 times more stem cells/gr than does bone marrow [39]. Although not rigorous data, patients self-reported paying between $2,500 and $7,500 for a stem cell therapy session (https://ipscell.com/2015/02/stemcelltreatmentcost/).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Cord Blood
- Diabetes
- Embryonic Stem Cell
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell
- Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
- Bone Marrow
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Stem Cell
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Neurodegenerative Disease