Common Cosmetic Ingredients: Chemistry, Actions, Safety and Products
Heather A.E. Benson, Michael S. Roberts, Vânia Rodrigues Leite-Silva, Kenneth A. Walters in Cosmetic Formulation, 2019
Shea butter is produced from the fatty component of the seed of the shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertner). Shea butter contains a number of different components depending on the origin of the tree it is extracted from, including TriglyceridesSaturated and unsaturated fatty acids, for example, stearic acid and oleic acidPolycyclic triterpenesAlpha, beta, gamma and delta forms of tocopherol (vitamin E); shea butter produced from shea trees in hotter climates produce the greatest amount of vitamin E (Maranz and Wiesman, 2004)Polyphenols such as gallic acid, cathchin and quercetin (Maranz et al., 2003)
African Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medical Knowledge
Charles Wambebe in African Indigenous Medical Knowledge and Human Health, 2018
These sacred groves are home to varied species, including the shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn, Sapotaceae), a species that is indigenous to Africa and is a traditional African food plant. The shea fruit contains nutritious pulp and an oil-rich seed from which shea butter is extracted. Some of the constituents of shea butter are reported to have anti-inflammatory, emollient, and humectant properties (Pobeda and Sousselier, 1999). In Ghana, shea butter is used as lotion to protect the skin during the dry season (Goreja, 2004), while in Nigeria shea butter is used for the management of sinusitis and relief of nasal congestion (Tella, 1979).
An overview of drug discovery efforts for eczema: why is this itch so difficult to scratch?
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2020
Kam Lun Hon, Steven Loo, Alexander K. C. Leung, Joyce T. S. Li, Vivian W. Y. Lee
Hon et al. investigated a number of commercial products, including a proprietary cream (Ezerra®, HoePharma, Malaysia) for AD [38,61]. Patients who accept a proprietary cream generally are less itchy and have improved quality of life than non-accepting patients. The cream with shea butter extract was similar in efficacy to a product with ceramide-precursor. Hence, patient acceptability is always important to ensure treatment success. There are few clinical trials to document the clinical efficacy in most of the commercial moisturizers [53,56]. A recent Cochrane review on moisturizer trials demonstrated that most moisturizers had some beneficial effects but there is generally no evidence that one product is superior to another [62].
Real-life efficiency and safety comparison study of emollient ointment based on glycerophosphoinositol (GPI) salt of choline and other emollient products in patients with atopic dermatitis
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Monika Marko, Rafał Pawliczak
Plant-derived products are very often components of emollients. The most common are: colloidal oatmeal, aloe vera, shea butter, horse oil and coconut oil or virgin coconut oil (25). Verallo-Rowell et al. (26) and Evangelista et al. (27) showed that virgin coconut oil significantly reduced AD severity and was used for antibacterial properties. Moreover, in their study, Lisante et al. (28) described properties of colloidal oatmeal in the management of mild to moderate AD in children. Compared to the previously described components of emollients of plant origin, GPI salts have been poorly described so far, which makes them a relatively new component that requires further research.
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