Atlas of Autofluorescence in Plant Pharmaceutical Materials
Victoria Vladimirovna Roshchina in Fluorescence of Living Plant Cells for Phytomedicine Preparations, 2020
Sage, Salvia officinalis L., a perennial, evergreen subshrub, belongs to the mint family Lamiaceae and is known as an astringent, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory agent in officinal and folk medicine (Kintzios 2001; Golovkin et al. 2001; Duke 2002; Murav’eva et al. 2007; Hamidpour et al. 2014). It is often used for catarrh of respiratory ways (the airways), in particular for gargling of the pharyngeal cavity and stomatitis. This medicinal species contains the most active medicinal components against diabetes and inflammation (Duke 2002; Murav’eva et al. 2007; Jantová et al. 2014; Garcia et al. 2016). There is information about the antioxidant and antitumor properties of the plant (Garcia et al. 2016) and apoptosis in leukemia of mammalian cells (Jantová et al. 2014). The medicinal effects of the extracts are due to the essential oil of the herb, which contains the monoterpenes cineole, borneol, and thujone as well as tannins, flavonoids, and caffeic and chlorogenic acids. Essential oils may demonstrate anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory features.
An Introduction to the Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants
Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa in Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Croton lechleri is an herb used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer properties (Hartwell 1969, Pieters et al. 1993, Lopes et al. 2004). Crude extracts from plants like Colubrina macrocarpa, Hemiangium excelsum, and Acacia pennatula possess a selective cytotoxic activity against human tumor cells (Popoca et al. 1998). In the Palestinian and Israeli territories, extracts of Teucrium polium and Pistacia lentiscus are known to treat liver disease, jaundice, diabetes, fertility problems and cancer (Howiriny and Sohaibani 2005). Paris polyphylla has been used to treat liver cancer and has been reported as a potent anticancer agent. Salvia officinalis are known for their antitumor effects (Liu et al. 2000), and Solanum nigrum to cure inflammation, edema, mastitis and hepatic cancer (Lee and Lim 2003). Until the development of penicillin in the early 1940s, most natural product-derived drugs were obtained from terrestrial plants. The success of penicillin in treating infection led to an expansion in the area of drug discovery from microorganisms. Unlike the long-standing historical medical uses of terrestrial plants, marine organisms have a shorter history of utilization in the treatment of human disease (Dewick 2002, Newman et al. 2003, Butler 2005, Sneader 2005).
Green Metal-Based Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Medicinal Plants and Plant Phytochemicals against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Richard L. K. Glover, Daniel Nyanganyura, Rofhiwa Bridget Mulaudzi, Maluta Steven Mufamadi in Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health, 2021
The antibacterial effect of several solvents, as well as aqueous extracts of oregano, neem, bryophyllum, tulsi, aloe vera, rosemary, lemongrass and thyme were evaluated on 10 MDR clinical isolates (Dahiya and Purkayastha, 2012). Methanol and ethanol extracts showed significant inhibitory effects against most tested bacteria. S. aureus were the most inhibited bacteria in 24 of the extracts (60%). The MIC values of tulsi, rosemary, oregano, and aloe vera extracts were found to be in the range of 1.56–6.25 mg/ml when tested against MRSA. Phytochemical profiling showed the presence of saponins and tannins in all tested plants. Bioautography agar overlay analysis and TLC of ethanol extracts of tulsi, neem and aloe vera demonstrated that tannins and flavonoids are the main active compounds against MRSA (Dahiya and Purkayastha, 2012). Ursolic and oleanolic acids both were isolated from the leaves of Salvia officinalis (Sage) and these acids exhibited antibacterial effects against VRE, MRSA and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The antimicrobial effect of ursolic acid on VRE, MRSA and S. pneumoniae were double that of oleanolic acid (determined by calculating values from MIC) (Horiuchi et al., 2007).
Salvia officinalis attenuates bleomycin-induced oxidative stress and lung fibrosis in rats
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2020
Sana Bahri, Ridha Ben Ali, Afef Nahdi, Mona Mlika, Raed Abdennabi, Saloua Jameleddine
Salvia officinalis is one of the most known medicinal plants in the world. Various research works demonstrated the beneficial effect of this herbal plant in the treatment of several functional disorders of the human body, mainly because of its richness with bioactive compounds. Among the pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis we can include antitumoral and antiangiogenic activities (11), antioxidant activity (12), anti-inflammatory (13) and anti-nociceptive activities (14,15), antimicrobial activity (16), and antidiabetic activity (17). These findings prove that Salvia officinalis can be a good candidate in the treatment of human pathologies such as fibrosis, where inflammation, oxidative stress and angiogenesis play a central role.
Medicinal plants consumption against urinary tract infections: a narrative review of the current evidence
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2021
Efthymios Poulios, Georgios K. Vasios, Evmorfia Psara, Constantinos Giaginis
In another survey, the antimicrobial activity of Pelargonium graveolens L’ Hér EO in combination with ciprofloxacin was evaluated on several uropathogens, (e.g. Klebsiella pneumoniae KT2, Proteus mirabilis PRT3 and Staphylococcus aureus ST2). MIC of P. graveolens EO and ciprofloxacin were assessed by the microbroth dilution assay. Moreover, the interaction between these two agents was evaluated by a checkerboard assay. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was assessed to be 0.375 for both K. pneumoniae KT2 and P. mirabilis PRT3, whereas for S. aureus ST2 it was shown to be 0.5. FICI values for the examined microorganisms were shown to be ≤0.5, which provided evidence for synergism between P. graveolens EO and ciprofloxacin. The concave-shaped curve in the isobolograms also revealed a synergistic effect of P. graveolens EO and ciprofloxacin against the examined microorganisms. Thus, the synergistic activity of P. graveolens EO and ciprofloxacin could be applied for UTIs treatment [44]. Moreover, the antibacterial action of EOs extracted from medicinal plants (Ocimum gratissimum, L., Cybopogum citratus (DC) Stapf., and Salvia officinalis, L.) was evaluated on bacterial strains isolated from 100 urine samples. Samples were obtained from UTI patients living in the community. Salvia officinalis L. exhibited increased suppression action in comparison to the other two herbs, with 100.0% efficacy against Klebsiella and Enterobacter species, 96.0% against Escherichia coli, 83.0% against Proteus mirabilis, and 75.0% against Morganella morganii [45].