Alternative and Complementary Medicine in Treating Fungal Dermatophytic Infections
Anne George, K. S. Joshy, Mathew Sebastian, Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi, Sabu Thomas in Holistic Approaches to Infectious Diseases, 2017
Piper betle L. belongs to the family Piperaceae, is commonly used as a cultural symbolism and the leaves of this plant are economically and medicinally important. Water extracts showed MIC of 9.3 mg/mL against T.rubrum and T.mentagrophytes (Vaijayanthimala et al., 2004). Since the ethanolic extract of P.betle leaves showed promising activity against the zoonotic dermatophytes (M.canis, M.gypseum and T.mentagrophyte), Trakranrungsie et al. (2006)has formulated the extract into cream (Pb cream). The Pb cream containing 80 μg of P.betle extract revealed comparable zones of inhibition with the ketoconazole. It was found that the bioactive compound hydroxychavicol from the chloroform fraction collected from aqueous extract exhibited anti-dermatophytic activity showing MIC value between 7.81 to 62.5 μg/mL (Ali et al., 2010). The chloroform extract showed 46 mm zone of inhibition against the T.tonsurans whereas the organism become more susceptible when treated with extract containing both chloroform extract of P.betle and Allamanda cathertica have increased the zone to 51 mm (Sharma et al., 2011).
The art and science of surgery
Lois N. Magner, Oliver J. Kim in A History of Medicine, 2017
Archeological evidence indicates that opium, magic mushrooms, fermented beverages, and other psychoactive substances have been used all over the world. For example, people have been chewing betel leaves for thousands of years. The leaves of the betel plant (Piper betle) are known by many names in various Asian countries. Chemists have identified compounds in the plant that have anesthetic and psychoactive, euphoria-inducing properties. In Ayurvedic medicine, betel leaves were recommended as a cure for bad breath, but habitually chewing betel leaves stains the teeth. Human teeth with characteristic reddish betel stains were discovered in a burial pit in a cave in the Philippines. Betel stains have also been found on the teeth of human remains that date between 2400 and 2000 bce, excavated from a Bronze Age site in Vietnam.
Oral Cavity Tumours Including Lip Reconstruction
John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford in Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
The buccal mucosa is the commonest site for oral cancer in South East Asia, up to 40% of oral cancers arising at this site. This contrasts with North America and Western Europe where buccal carcinoma only accounts for 2–10% of oral carcinomas.46, 66 The consumption of betel quid is socially and culturally embedded in the countries of South-East Asia and is responsible for the difference in site predilection. The ingredients of Betel quid (Paan/Paan Masala) varies throughout South-East Asia. The main ingredients include the Piper betel leaf, slaked lime, spices, tobacco and areca nut. For many years, the tobacco content alone was credited as being the carcinogenic agent in betel quid, however, it is now recognized that the areca nut is also carcinogenic, as well as being the main aetiological agent in oral submucous fibrosis. Individuals who consume betel quid frequently have a preference regarding which side they chew betel, this corresponding to the side of tumour development. There is a strong association with smoking and alcohol consumption in populations where betel chewing is not prevalent.66–68
In silico molecular docking for assessing anti-fungal competency of hydroxychavicol, a phenolic compound of betel leaf (Piper betle L.) against COVID-19 associated maiming mycotic infections
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2022
Vinusri Sekar, Gnanam Ramasamy, Caroline Ravikumar
In view of the above facts, the present study was executed to explore the medicinal benefits of phytochemicals of Piperaceae family, a rich source of several medicinally significant compounds. Amidst the several crops of Piperaceae family, Piper betle L. holds its position from the ancient time onwards with huge medicinal, traditional and commercial significance [35]. Its dark shiny fresh leaves and sometimes petioles also are used to treat respiratory issues, cold, cough, skin diseases, gastric issues and indigestion problems [36]. The compounds identified in the P. betle are found to have excellent medicinal properties such as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, stimulant, analgesic, anti-nitrosation, anti-mutagenic, anti-pyretics and anti-tumour activities. Betel leaf extract was proved to have strong antimicrobial effects [36–40]. The anti-fungal property of betel extract was firmly established [41–45].
Biofilm inhibition and anti-quorum sensing activity of phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles against the nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Published in Biofouling, 2019
Saloni Shah, Swapnil Gaikwad, Shuchi Nagar, Shatavari Kulshrestha, Viniti Vaidya, Neelu Nawani, Sarika Pawar
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are attracting much attention in the fields of biomedical technology because of their antibacterial, anti-biofilm, anti-cancer and antioxidant properties (Taglietti et al. 2014; Ghosh et al. 2015; Zhang et al. 2016). There are reports on anti QS and the biofilm inhibitory activity of green synthesized AgNPs/nanocomposites (Masurkar et al. 2012; Singh et al. 2015; Kulshrestha et al. 2017; Srinivasan et al. 2017). Piper betle L. (Pb) is a widely cultivated plant in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia and has long been in use for several medicinal formulations. There are a few reports on Pb-functionalized AgNPs (Pb-AgNPs) for their antibacterial, anti-QS and anti-cancer activities (Shanmuga Prabha et al. 2014; Preethi and Padma 2016; Srinivasan et al. 2017), but the anti-QS and anti-biofilm activity of Pb-AgNPs against P. aeruginosa PAO1 have not been explored so far. Here one-step synthesis of AgNPs has been demonstrated using Pb leaf extract and the anti-QS and anti-biofilm activity of these nanoparticles against P. aeruginosa PAO1 is evaluated. Further, the mechanism of action of AgNPs and eugenol-conjugated AgNPs was examined by computational molecular docking with P. aeruginosa PAO1 quorum sensing regulator proteins.
Anticancer Potential of Hydroxychavicol Derived from Piper betle L: An in Silico and Cytotoxicity Study
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
S. Vinusri, R. Gnanam, R. Caroline, V. P. Santhanakrishnan, A. Kandavelmani
Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites produced in higher plants and microorganisms through shikimic acid and phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways. Because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, natural polyphenolics reduce the risk of various classes of tumors, especially chronic myeloid leukemia (1). These compounds possess an aromatic ring with one or more hydroxyl groups and have multiple roles, such as radical scavenging activity, plant defense mechanisms, and antimicrobial activity (2). Piper betle L. is a medicinal plant and a rich source of polyphenolic bioactive compounds, such ashydroxychavicol, terpinen-4-ol, safrole, allylpyrocatecholmonoacetate, eugenol, eugenyl acetate, α-cadinene, β-elemene, piper betol, carvacrol, allyl catechol, chavicol, p-cymene, caryophyllene, chavibetol, cineole, and estragole (3).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Areca Nut
- Calcium
- Calcium Hydroxide
- Catechu
- Coconut
- Manure
- Soil Salinity
- Tobacco
- Dioecy
- Betel Nut Chewing