Real-Time IoT-Based Online Analysis to Improve Performance of PV Solar System for Medical Emergencies
Govind Singh Patel, Seema Nayak, Sunil Kumar Chaudhary in Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Big Data, and Internet of Things for Healthcare, 2023
The rapid development of sustainable energy is today demand for the development of nation because of their vital role in development of solar, wind, and much renewable energy. Photovoltaic (PV) is natural inhabitant and support natural environment and reduce the harmful fuel consumption. In India there are nearly 256 days of clear sunny sky per year so enormous amounts of solar energy are available, but it is limited because of low efficiency. PV performance efficiency is drastically affected by variations in sun irradiation, shading effects, and excess temperature rise of solar cells. These are the prominent reasons behind the deflection of solar panel maximum power point (MPP) that causes a reduction of overall efficiency. In this chapter, we describe how the system efficiency can be monitored continuously to improve the output by using IoT and vision sensors [2].
Introduction to Report
Kitsakorn Locharoenrat in Research Methodologies for Beginners, 2017
Recently, nanomaterials are important for many applications in different areas, such as electronic and optic nanodevices, biosensors, solar cells, and chemical catalysts, partly due to their size-dependent physical [1–3] and chemical properties [4–6]. For example, a broad range of the optically active semiconductor materials can serve as building blocks for miniaturized photonic and the optoelectronic nanodevices. Efforts will be made to assemble the nanostructures into useful architectures and practical nanodevices. Furthermore, one quite promising candidate is nanowire photovoltaics. Organic/inorganic photovoltaic nanodevices are the subject of intense research for low cost solar energy conversion. However such nanodevices are restricted in efficient charge transport. This is because of the highly discontinuous topologies of the donor–acceptor interface. Substituting the disordered inorganic phase with an aligned nanowire array is then suggested to improve the charge collection and the power conversion efficiency. Then, there are extensive researches on the development of new approaches to produce such nano-sized materials.
Next-generation technology starts with iodine
Tatsuo Kaiho in Iodine Made Simple, 2017
As concerns grow over global warming caused by burning fossil fuels and the safety of nuclear power generation, expectations for photovoltaic cells which use the inexhaustible energy of the sun have increased. In particular, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have gained attention as low-cost, next-generation solar cells due to their simple structure, inexpensive materials, and manufacturing process. In 1991, Professor Gratzel of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland, developed DSSC comprised of electrodes where a ruthenium metal complex is adsorbed to porous titanium oxide, iodine-based electrolytic solution, and platinum counter electrodes. This triggered active research worldwide, and now, improvements have been led to a conversion efficiency exceeding 11% [59a,b].
Optimal lamination test of ethylene vinyl acetate sheets for solar modules
Published in Journal of Applied Statistics, 2019
Chih-Chun Tsai
The world is facing the challenge of overcoming an energy crisis. There is concern about the diminishing deposits and growing pollution of nonrenewable energy resources such as coal, natural gas, and crude oil. Thus, many developed countries have developed alternative energy sources. Among such alternative energy sources, solar power is a renewable, inexhaustible, and ultimate source of energy. Solar power involves the conversion of sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect by using solar modules designed to absorb sun rays. Typical solar modules consist of transparent top tempered glass, a number of interconnected solar cells, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) sheets, back sheets, and an aluminum frame around the edge. Figure 1 shows the structure of solar modules.
Next-generation viral nanoparticles for targeted delivery of therapeutics: Fundamentals, methods, biomedical applications, and challenges
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2023
Jia Sen Tan, Muhamad Norizwan Bin Jaffar Ali, Bee Koon Gan, Wen Siang Tan
Nanotechnology has evolved as a seminal platform for drug packaging and delivery over the last few decades in biomedical science. Throughout these years, the versatility of nanoparticles (NPs) has contributed toward their functional capability as nano-drug carriers. NPs are particles between 1 and 100 nanometers in size, which can be classified as carbon-based, inorganic, and organic NPs [1–3]. Carbon-based NPs are nanoparticles solely made from carbon atoms [4]. They are commonly used in drug delivery [5], energy storage [6], bioimaging [7] and photovoltaic devices due to their distinctive electrical conductivity, high strength, electron affinity, optical and thermal properties [8,9]. Meanwhile, inorganic NPs are made of metals, ceramics, or semiconductors [1]. They are well-suited for theranostic applications due to their unique electrical, magnetic, and optical properties [10]. Organic NPs are nanoparticles made of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and polymers [11]. Typically, organic NPs are nontoxic and biodegradable, hence they are often used in targeted drug delivery [4] and cancer therapy [12]. However, these synthetic NPs have limited biocompatibility and efficiency in clinical applications [13].
Applying market shaping approaches to increase access to assistive technology in low- and middle-income countries
Published in Assistive Technology, 2021
Margaret Savage, Sarah Albala, Frederic Seghers, Rainer Kattel, Cynthia Liao, Mathilde Chaudron, Novia Afdhila
Missions thinking builds on a systems approach by recognizing the interconnected nature of the economy, public sector and private enterprise. This approach does more than just scale AT, but rather creates and highlights an AT innovation ecosystem which supports economic and social change. Government is a key player in driving forward the economy if it is recognized and seen as such. An example would be that through a mission approach, AT demand could possibly be stimulated through the integration of services via the incorporation of procurement and provision of AT within health and social care systems. The focus of a mission is based in innovation economics. Rather than viewing AT only through the lens of health and social perspectives, it places AT from the vantage point of technological change and innovation. Directed innovation and growth within the AT sector, which would result in successive waves of further AT innovation, would result in cheaper and higher quality products. As was the case with investment and innovation in solar photovoltaics when there was national green economy investment (Mathews, 2019). Missions would help to address current challenges found within the innovation domains of product, supply and procurement by bringing together stakeholders and enhancing public sector interest and investment (Albala et al., 2021).
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