Sperm chromatin assessment
David K. Gardner, Ariel Weissman, Colin M. Howles, Zeev Shoham in Textbook of Assisted Reproductive Techniques, 2017
TB or tolonium chloride is a basic thiazine metachromatic dye that selectively binds the acidic components of the tissue. It partially dissolves in water and alcohol. Alternatively known as methylamine or aminotoluene, the dye represents three isoforms: ortho-toluidine, paratoluidine, and meta-toluidin. It has high binding affinity for phosphate residues of sperm DNA in immature nuclei and provides a metachromatic shift from light blue to a purple-violet color (161). This stain is a sensitive structural probe for DNA structure and packaging.
Catalog of Herbs
James A. Duke in Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
Dry seeds contain 18.9% protein, 37.1% fat, and 11% ash.21 Leaves and stems contains urease. The juice from peeled tubers contains 0.08% volatile oil, 0.12% fixed oil, 2.8% gummy substances, 2.25% saponins, 1.35% cyanogenetic glucosides, 3.35% tannins, and traces of alkaloids and dyestuff. Herbage and seeds yield methylamine,8 also, ethyl-, propyl-, isobutyl-, and isoamylamine.33 Ashes contain 15% SiO2. Glucose, isorhamnetid, rham-nose, and xylon are also reported.33
Synthesis of Trichloro-(Methylamino)-Bis-(Methylamine) Tin(IV) Methylamine Hydrochloride*
Nate F. Cardarelli in Tin as a Vital Nutrient:, 2019
Figure 2 shows the three products resulting from this synthesis. Using methylamine in excess, a methylamine-rich product is produced (Figure 2, Panel 3). This reaction requires 2 hr. Reaction products.
Substance use disorders: diagnosis and management for hospitalists
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2020
Ahmed K. Pasha, Arnab Chowdhury, Sanah Sadiq, Jeremiah Fairbanks, Shirshendu Sinha
Methamphetamine is a psychostimulant of the phenethylamine and amphetamine class of psychoactive drugs [48]. In the 1970s, methamphetamine was made using phenyl-2-propanone (‘P2P’) and methylamine. In 1980s, following P2P being classified as a scheduled substance, ephedrine, and pseudoephedrine became the main precursors to manufacturing methamphetamines. In the 2000s, restrictions placed on imports of pseudoephedrine and over-the-counter cold medicine containing pseudoephedrine did lead to a short-lived decrease in methamphetamine manufacturing. In the mid-2000s producers then shifted to using chemicals other than pseudoephedrine in methamphetamine production [49]. In 2016, an estimated 667,000 people aged 12 or older were current users of methamphetamine [33]. Methamphetamine is most commonly smoked although it can be injected, ingested, inhaled, or taken rectally as well [48].
HPLC–UV assay for the evaluation of inhibitors of plasma amine oxidase using crude bovine plasma
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2019
Kira Mergemeier, Florian Galster, Matthias Lehr
For the determination of activity of PAO and for screening of inhibitors of the enzyme, a variety of methods have been reported. Mostly benzylamine is used as substrate and the formation of the enzyme product benzaldehyde is measured directly by UV-spectroscopy at 250 nm12–17 or by HPLC with UV-detection after derivatisation with dinitrophenylhydrazine18. Alternatively, 14C-benzaldehyde produced from 14C-benzylamine is quantified radiometrically19,20. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide formed during benzylamine transformation is determined in enzyme-coupled colorimetric21–26 or fluorometric assays27–31. Besides, a direct fluorimetric method using a (naphthalene-2-yl)methylamine substrate was published32. A disadvantage of the methods using benzylamine as substrate is that this substrate only weakly binds to the enzyme. This property could lead to an overestimation of the inhibitory potency of inhibitors when the assay is performed under competitive conditions33. We have recently developed an HPLC/UV-method for evaluation of PAO inhibitors, which uses the new tightly binding substrate 6-(5-phenyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)hexan-1-amine33. Although the physiological substrates of PAO are not clearly defined presently, it can be assumed that inhibition data are more meaningful applying tightly instead of weakly binding substrates.
Enalapril decreases rat plasma concentration of TMAO, a gut bacteria-derived cardiovascular marker
Published in Biomarkers, 2018
Marek Konop, Marek Radkowski, Marta Grochowska, Karol Perlejewski, Emilia Samborowska, Marcin Ufnal
Blood TMAO mostly originates from gut bacteria metabolism. Mammalian gut flora, including Clostridium, Collinsella, Desulfovibrio, Lactobacillus and Proteus produce several methylamines, including TMA, dimethylamine and monomethylamine from dietary choline and lecithin (Craciun and Balskus 2012, Romano et al.2015). Some of these methylamines are absorbed into the bloodstream and eventually excreted with urine, sweat or exhaled air in unchanged or oxidized forms such as TMAO. Therefore, plasma TMAO level depends on numerous factors including a diet, microbiota composition, the gut–blood barrier permeability to TMA and TMAO, liver oxidation of TMA and the excretion of the methylamines (Zeisel et al.1989, Jaworska et al.2017, Nowinski and Ufnal 2018).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Amine
- Ammonia
- Catalysis
- Ethanol
- Methanol
- Methyl Group
- Organic Compound
- Chemical Formula
- Tetrahydrofuran
- Dimethylamine