Industrial Uses of Essential Oils
K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer in Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
There is one special range of products that can be situated between the food and cosmetic-toiletries industry sectors and is a big consumer of essential oils, especially of all kinds of mint, eucalyptus, and some other herbal and fruity oils. These are oral-care products, chewing gums, and all kinds of mouth refreshing confectionery. As mentioned above, toothpastes appeared on the market in the late 19th century in the US. Chewing gums or the custom of chewing certain plant secretions was known to the ancient Greeks (e.g., mastic tree resin) and to ancient Mayans (sapodilla tree gum). Chewing gum as we know it now started in America about 1850 when John B. Curtis introduced flavored chewing gum, which was first patented in 1859 by William Semple. In 1892, William Wrigley used chewing gum as a free gift with sales of baking powder in his business in Chicago, and very soon, he realized that chewing gum had real potential. In 1893, “Juicy Fruit” gum came into market and was followed in the same year by “Wrigley's Spearmint”; today, both products are known and consumed worldwide and their names are global trademarks.
Catalog of Herbs
James A. Duke in Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
The plant contains a little volatile oil, 9% resin (soluble in alcohol and ether) and 10% resin insoluble in alcohol.2 Mastic contains 90% resin, masticin, mastichic acid, and a bitter principle.8Hager’s Handbook lists masticodienonic acid, isomasticodienoic acid, oleanohc acid, and tirucallol. Young leaves and/or twigs contain myricetin (C15H10O5), quercetin, kaempferol, shikimic acid, lupeal, cycloartenol, beta-sitosterol, pinene, camphene, and terpene.33 Seeds contain aucubin (rhinanthin), choline, and organic acids, and 0 to 0.022% plantease (a crystalline trisaccharide), much starch, and up to 22.08% of an edible oil.42
Selected Functional Foods That Combat Inflammation
Robert Fried, Lynn Nezin in Evidence-Based Proactive Nutrition to Slow Cellular Aging, 2017
Biblical scholars have suggested that “balm” is a pseudonym for laudanum, and that “resin” is terebinth (Pistacia therebinthus or atlantica), probably used to extend the shelf-life of wine, while gum may be a pseudonym for lentisc (also called as lentisk) or mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) as it is now known. Mastic is a gummy resinous sap that seeps from a small bush-like tree that thrives on the Mediterranean Greek island of Chios where it is called the “Schinos tree.”
Assessing cancer hazards of bitumen emissions – a case study for complex petroleum substances
Published in Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2018
Anthony J. Kriech, Ceinwen A. Schreiner, Linda V. Osborn, Anthony J. Riley
Mastic asphalt is an asphalt mixture in which the volume of filler (normally finely crushed rock) and bitumen binder exceeds the volume of remaining voids producing a stiffer material requiring higher mixture temperatures of >200 °C. Mastic asphalt is only used in Europe (mainly in Germany and France) and contains aggregates <2 mm in size. The mastic industry represents only 1.1% of the worldwide asphalt market (Asphalt Institute, Eurobitume 2015; IMAA 2013). Mastic asphalt pavement systems include a leveling course called pulver asphalt placed over a concrete base. Once the pulver layer is laid, the crew pours a semi-fluid, high temperature (250 °C) mastic layer. This is troweled down and then pre-coated stone chips are spread before rolling. Coal tar contamination from the subbase (pulver layer) has been shown to be a significant confounder in evaluations of the hazard from mastic asphalt use (Raulf-Heimsoth et al. 2008; Blackburn et al. 1999).
Rhazes’ (865–925 CE) contribution to surgery in Liber Almansoris
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2023
Fuat Ince, Kamran Mahlooji, Kadircan H. Keskinbora, Arman Zargaran
If it is only one or two hairs, Chinese oil or mastic gum can be used. If it is stuck to other eyelashes, torn off, burned, or cut, its place must be heated with a needle-thin instrument, and if it is excessive, the eyelid must be cut. Talking about this is beyond the scope of our book [22].
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