Haritaki
H.S. Puri in Rasayana, 2002
In constipation, half a teaspoon of powdered immature fruit with cold water is given at bedtime. It is not only a good laxative but also regulates bowel movements. It operates rapidly without irritation or heat and can be used for a long time. It has a beneficial effect on the enlargement of the spleen. If as a result of its administration the faeces become watery, then the dose is reduced, but if hard, then the dose is increased. If dry powder is not easy to administer, it is mixed with an equal quantity of ghee and is given with water or 250 ml of milk. These fluids avoid astringency and lubricate the alimentary canal. T. chebula is an ingredient of a well-known household laxative Triphala (p. 28). A preserve called Muraba Harar made by an infiltration of sugar syrup in haritaki is also used as a laxative.
Constipation
Linda Cardozo, Staskin David in Textbook of Female Urology and Urogynecology - Two-Volume Set, 2017
compAred with both sitting positions (p < 0.0001). Thus, pAtients Are Advised to Adopt A position where the knees Are Above the hips with feet flAt on the floor. There Are now severAl devices AvAilAble to enAble A squAtting position to be Adopted on A pedestAl toilet. LAxAtives A vAriety of lAxAtives Are now AvAilAble for treAting constipAtion; All Are more effective thAn plAcebo [55]. The mechAnism of eAch type of lAxAtive will help to determine the most AppropriAte type of lAxAtive for the pAtient's symptoms (tAble 63.5) [56]. Bulk LAxAtives/Fiber undigestible fiber is An importAnt pArt of our diet to provide stool bulk. bulk-forming lAxAtives AttrAct wAter, forming lArger And softer stool, which in turn cAuses colonic distension, stimulAting peristAlsis And effective propulsion of stool Along the colon to rectum. It is useful to those pAtients pAssing smAll hArd stools. It mAy cAuse symptoms of bloAting but is usuAlly well tolerAted. systemAtic review hAs reported thAt bulking Agents induce An AverAge increAse of 1.4 bowel movements per week [57]. Osmotic LAxAtives osmotic lAxAtives increAse the Amount of wAter in the colon. LActulose (semisynthetic disAcchAride, poorly Absorbed sugAr), mAcrogols (inert polymers of ethylene glycol), or mAgnesium sAlts retAin fluid in the colonic lumen cAusing osmotic diArrheA. Absorption of mAgnesium is limited but cAution must be exercised in pAtients with impAired renAl function [58]. LActulose is less effective thAn mAcrogols [59] And its use mAy
Physiology of an Eating Disorder
Jonna Fries, Veronica Sullivan in Eating Disorders in Special Populations, 2017
Other patients may use laxatives as a way to achieve a feeling of “emptiness” or flatten their stomachs. A major concern of someone abusing laxatives is a “cathartic colon,” which is colon nerve damage caused by prolonged use. This can be life-threatening, which is why most patients are taken off laxatives in treatment. Treatment usually involves a substance (polyethylene glycol or lactulose) that osmotically draws fluid into the colon (Mehler and Anderson 1999, 2010). This can aid in stimulating a bowel movement. The bulimic patients who have been on laxatives have difficulty with fluid movement after stopping the laxatives. Laxatives remove water from the colon as well as food residue. The weight loss is temporary and restored with fluid rehydration. The dehydration can lead to tremors, weakness, blurry vision, fainting spells, kidney damage, and in some cases, death. The laxatives also stimulate nerve endings in the gut to the point they no longer respond to stimulation and the patients cannot have a bowel movement normally. Patients are also more open to infection because laxatives and enemas strip away the protective mucus in the colon.
Effectiveness of acupoint pressure on older people with constipation in nursing homes: a double-blind quasi-experimental study
Published in Contemporary Nurse, 2020
Mu-Hsing Ho, Hui Chen (Rita) Chang, Megan F. Liu, Lin Yuan, Jed Montayre
In order to explore the effect of APT and abdominal massage on the improvement of constipation, residents who met the criteria were assigned to two experimental groups – (I) laxatives and abdominal massage and (II) laxatives, acupoint pressure and abdominal massage and control group using laxatives only. Common pharmacological treatment for constipation uses laxative agents. Therefore, all participants received laxatives as routine treatment. Participants in the control group received laxatives only. Abdominal massage is a common non-pharmacological intervention and acupoint pressure is an approved nursing intervention for constipation. Abdominal massage and acupoint pressure were selected for experimental treatment because of their mostly positive non-invasive effect, and ability to be performed at any time. Participants in both experimental groups received the abdominal massage method performed by a trained RN applying downward pressure to about 3–5 cm with continuous stimulation over ten minutes each time for ten days. They were trained according to a standard guideline or protocol for practice (Preece, 2002) including the consistency of the pressing techniques and timing. A training workshop was conducted by an experienced Chinese medical practitioner who had performed acupressure for 10 years. The workshop was designed to equip two RNs with APT, abdominal massage, and group supervision skills.
Recommendations and best practice on the management of hemorrhoidal disease in Saudi Arabia
Published in Hospital Practice, 2022
Mohamed Zaki El-Kelani, Raouf Kerdahi, Samir Raghib, Mohamed Ashraf Shawkat, Naser Abdelnazer, Ishag Mudawi, Magdy Mahmoud, Wassim Abi Hussein, Mohamed Tawfik, Waleed Wahdan
Lifestyle modifications (same as above).Avoiding constipation.Using MPFF (e.g., Daflon 500 mg) to decrease pain and recurrence.Using combined analgesia for 5 days of paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids.Using laxatives to ensure a soft and regular bowel movement.Post-operative rehabilitation for wound healing and improving the quality of life of patients with defecation problems [25], starting with patient reeducation on muscular synergy (chest, abdomen, vertebral column, and perineum) [26].
Evaluating naloxegol for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2020
Marzieh Daniali, Shekoufeh Nikfar, Mohammad Abdollahi
According to Rome III and Rome IV criteria, the most widely used criteria, the majority of the definitions of OIC include a history of opioid use with some symptoms of functional constipation, such as infrequent, hard or lumpy stools, straining and incomplete evacuation [9,10]. Moreover, the impact and severity of functional constipation are assessed through the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) and the Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms (PAC-SYM) questionnaires [11,12]. Additionally, The Bowel Function Index (BFI) is another questionnaire that was developed for evaluating the severity and symptoms of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD) [13]. Changes in the quality of life (QOL) of the patients inevitably lead to preventive strategies and therapies for the management[4]. Lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes and daily exercise are counted as the first line. However, some patients benefit from simple laxatives or stool softeners (suppositories or enemas). The first line over the counter (OTC) therapies may not lead to the desired responses and might be replaced with opioid antagonists like naloxegol or methylnaltrexone [4,5,12,14].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Constipation
- Defecation
- Dietary Fiber
- Stimulant
- Diarrhea
- Rectum
- Large Intestine
- Enema
- Feces
- Oral Administration