Concentration of Acids and Bases
Gerald D. Fasman in CRC Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2018
Common Commercial Strengths Molecular weight Moles per liter Grams per liter Percent by weight Specific gravity Acetic acid, glacial 60.05 17.4 1,045 99.5 1.05 Acetic acid 60.05 6.27 376 36 1.045 Butyric acid 88.1 10.3 912 95 0.96 Formic acid 46.02 23.4 1,080 90 1.20 – 5.75 264 25 1.06 Hydriodic acid 127.9 7.57 969 57 1.70 – 5.51 705 47 1.50 – 0.86 110 10 1.1 Hydrobromic acid 80.92 8.89 720 48 1.50 – 6.82 552 40 1.38 Hydrochloric acid 36.5 11.6 424 36 1.18 – 2.9 105 10 1.05 Hydrocyanic acid 27.03 25 676 97 0.697 – 0.74 19.9 2 0.996 Hydrofluoric acid 20.01 32.1 642 55 1.167 – 28.8 578 50 1.155 Hydrofluosilicic acid 144.1 2.65 382 30 1.27 Hypophosphorous acid 66.0 9.47 625 50 1.25 – 5.14 339 30 1.13 – 1.57 104 10 1.04 Lactic acid 90.1 11.3 1,020 85 1.2 Nitric acid 63.02 15.99 1,008 71 1.42 – 14.9 938 67 1.40 – 13.3 837 61 1.37 Perchloric acid 100.5 11.65 1,172 70 1.67 – 9.2 923 60 1.54 Phosphoric acid 80 18.1 1,445 85 1.70 Sulfuric acid 98.1 18.0 1,766 96 1.84 Sulfurous acid 82.1 0.74 61.2 6 1.02 Ammonium hydroxide 35.0 14.8 251 28 0.898 Potassium hydroxide 56.1 13.5 757 50 1.52 – 1.94 109 10 1.09 Sodium carbonate 106.0 1.04 110 10 1.10 Sodium hydroxide 40.0 19.1 763 50 1.53 – 2.75 111 10 1.11
Orbital Compartment Syndrome in a Burn Patient Without Aggressive Fluid Resuscitation
Published in Orbit, 2014
Jonathan Hurst, Davin Johnson, Robert Campbell, Stephanie Baxter, Vladimir Kratky
Introduction: Orbital compartment syndrome may rarely occur in the setting of burns where therapy includes aggressive fluid resuscitation. Case: We report a case of bilateral orbital compartment syndrome in a 13-year-old male, with superficial facial burns secondary to hydrobromic acid, who did not receive aggressive fluid resuscitation. The patient was treated successfully with bilateral lateral canthotomy and cantholysis. Comment: Facial burns may lead to orbital compartment syndrome without aggressive fluid resuscitation, likely due to excessive leakage of fluid and protein into the orbit combined with an inflammatory reaction.
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