Outdoor Air Pollution
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel in Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
Parkinson's was almost the first disease in which the role of mitochondrial dysfunction was uncovered when the classical inhibitor of complex I electron transport chain, metabolite of MPTP, was reported to cause Parkinsonism in drug abusers.206 In 2000, developing the symptoms of PD was also reported for broad-spectrum pesticide, rotenone whose mechanism of action is selective inhibition of complex I mitochondrial respiratory chain so that it has been widely used to create Parkinson's model in laboratory animals.207 In this regard, interfering with mitochondrial respiratory chain functions has made a pattern in the development of different types of pesticides, and many agrochemicals are known to inhibit electron transport chain activity as their primary or secondary mechanism of action. Most of the pesticides interfering with mitochondrial respiratory chain activities are mainly inhibitors of complex I electron transport chain and some others partially inhibit complexes II, III, and V.208 Moreover, a wide variety of pesticides has been known as uncouplers of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.209 This mechanism seems to play an important role in the chemically sensitive patient who has weakness and fatigue. Glyphosate herbicides (round-up ready) used extensively on wheat, soy, and cotton also damage the chemically sensitive and chronic degenerative disease patient.
The Role of Light and Electromagnetic Fields in Maintaining Vascular Health
Aruna Bakhru in Nutrition and Integrative Medicine, 2018
A seminal paper by Swanson et al. shows remarkably strong and highly significant correlations between the rise in glyphosate usage on core crops in the United States and the concurrent rise in the incidence of a large number of chronic, debilitating diseases and conditions, including diabetes, obesity, Alzheimer's disease, liver disease, kidney failure, inflammatory bowel disease, autism, pancreatic cancer, and thyroid cancer [41]. A paper recently published by Anthony Samsel and myself has shown how glyphosate's likely ability to substitute for glycine by mistake during protein synthesis can explain how glyphosate could cause all of these diseases [42]. A precedent for this concept has been set by at least four naturally produced toxins that work by acting as analogues for four distinct coding amino acids to cause diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis. Glyphosate, however, is never found in nature, but only available through its synthesis in the chemistry lab.
Genetically Engineered Food
David Lightsey in The Myths about Nutrition Science, 2019
The summarized “Report in Brief: Genetically Engineered Crops: Experiences and Prospects” points out the following environmental and crop production benefits: Crops which have been modified to increase the production of their own naturally occurring insecticide have reduced crop losses (increased yield per acre) and reduced the use of pesticides.Crops which have been modified to resist glyphosate, an unnecessarily maligned weed killer with the use of junk science, have increased yields as well as reduced need for water. The committee found the following regarding the human health effects of GE foods: Many people are concerned that GE food consumption may lead to higher incidence of specific health problems including cancer, obesity, gastrointestinal tract illnesses, kidney disease, and disorders such as autism spectrum and allergies. In the absence of long-term, case-controlled studies to examine some hypotheses, the committee examined epidemiological datasets over time from the United States and Canada, where GE food has been consumed since the late 1990s, and similar datasets from the United Kingdom and western Europe, where GE food is not widely consumed. No pattern of differences was found among countries in specific health problems after the introduction of GE foods in the 1990s.7
Increased severity associated with tallowamine in acute glyphosate poisoning
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2020
Jerome Langrand, Ingrid Blanc-Brisset, Denis Boucaud-Maitre, Emmanuel Puskarczyk, Patrick Nisse, Robert Garnier, Corine Pulce
Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world. Significant concern about the acute toxicity of glyphosate-based products (GBF) has been raised during the past decades [1,2]. More recently, during the re-approval process of glyphosate in Europe, it was mentioned that GBPs were more toxic than glyphosate alone. This phenomenon was attributed to the surfactants and among them, polyethoxylated tallowamine (POEA) has been suspected to significantly contribute to the toxicity of glyphosate products [3]. Furthermore, a report from the European Chemical Agency concluded there is “strong evidence that co-formulants, may either enhance the toxicity of glyphosate or exhibit independent toxic properties” [4]. However, there is no data comparing acute human poisoning with tallowamine-containing GBF (TA), with acute human poisoning with non-tallowamine-containing GBF (NTA). The aim of this study was to compare the severity of poisoning between TA and NTA cases, reported to the French Poison Control Centres (PCC) over 7 years.
The impact and toxicity of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on health and immunity
Published in Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2020
Cindy Peillex, Martin Pelletier
Glyphosate (N-phosphomethyl[glycine]), is an organophosphorus compound with herbicide properties discovered in 1970. It is a competitive inhibitor of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, an enzyme involved in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in plants and microorganisms (Figure 1(A)) (Steinrücken and Amrhein 1984). In 1974, Monsanto started its commercialization as a broad-spectrum herbicide. This first glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH), RoundUp®, and the others that followed such as Glyphogan®, Touchdown®, or Glifloglex®, are mixtures of glyphosate and various adjuvants used to boost its penetration in plants and enhance its activity (Williams et al. 2000). Most of them are surfactants, such as polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA). First used as a desiccant and in the pretreatment of crops, RoundUp® utilization spreads dramatically since 1995 with the development of RoundUp®-resistant plants (Benbrook 2016). Glyphosate is now the most used herbicide globally, and its usage keeps increasing with the emergence of weed resistance, from 16 million kg spread in the world in 1994 to 79 million kg spread in 2014, including 15% in the United States alone (Benbrook 2016).
Nutrition Provides the Essential Foundation for Optimizing Mental Health
Published in Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2021
Julia J. Rucklidge, Jeanette M. Johnstone, Bonnie J. Kaplan
Another possible contributor to nutrient depletion of crops is the heavy use of glyphosate, an herbicide and principal ingredient of Roundup®. Glyphosate, initially patented in the United States in 1964 as a descaling agent to get rid of mineral deposits in pipes and boilers, is now applied to crops to kill weeds. A 2019 study showed that glyphosate disturbs the human blood-brain barrier, making it more permeable (Martinez & Al-Ahmad, 2019). Permeability means that some molecules that the blood-brain barrier intended to exclude might be able to pass through, causing adverse effects in the brain. It is also relevant that while there is still debate on the topic, concerns have been raised about whether glyphosate can make dietary minerals like iron, manganese, and nickel less available for the body to absorb (Zobiole et al., 2010) as well as decreasing soil health (Kanissery et al., 2019), factors that could also affect plant nutrient density.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Tyrosine
- Preferred Iupac Name
- Herbicide
- Crop Desiccation
- Phosphonate
- Epsp Synthase
- Roundup
- 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
- Glyphosate-Based Herbicides
- Aromatic Amino Acid