Clindamycin and Lincomycin
M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson in Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Clindamycin is used to treat a wide range of infections of bacterial and parasitic origin (Table 85.4). Although clindamycin has proven to be effective for the treatment of severe bacterial infections, for several reasons it is currently not generally regarded as the drug of first choice. First, the high prevalence of clindamycin-resistant staphylococci, streptococci, and anaerobes in some geographic locales limits the clinical usefulness of this agent. Second, newer anti-anaerobic agents (e.g. metronidazole, penicillin–beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, carbapenems) with excellent anti-anaerobic activity are available. Finally, as a bacteriostatic drug, clindamycin is not considered to be suitable to treat severe infections as monotherapy, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Nevertheless, particularly useful indications for clindamycin include (1) use as an alternative to beta-lactams for the penicillin-allergic patient; (2) treatment of infections caused by susceptible CA-MRSA; and (3) use in toxic shock syndromes, to suppress toxin production by toxin-producing strains of S. pyogenes (group A streptococci), C. perfringens, and S. aureus. Clindamycin-containing regimens are considered necessary for human babesiosis and in pregnant women diagnosed with uncomplicated or complicated malaria caused by chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum infection.
Clindamycin
Anton C. de Groot in Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Clindamycin is a semisynthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by chemical modification of the parent compound lincomycin. This agent dissociates peptidyl-tRNA from the bacterial ribosome, thereby disrupting bacterial protein synthesis. Clindamycin is indicated for the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria, including Bacteroides spp. , Peptostreptococcus, anaerobic streptococci, Clostridium spp. , and microaerophilic streptococci. The antibiotic may be useful in polymicrobial infections such as intra-abdominal or pelvic infections, osteomyelitis, diabetic foot ulcers, aspiration pneumonia and dental infections. Another use of clindamycin is vaginally to treat vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginosa. Clindamycin reduces the toxin-producing effects of S. aureus and S. pyogenes and as such, may be particularly useful for treating necrotizing fasciitis. In topical preparations, clindamycin is widely used in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris (1). In pharmaceutical products, clindamycin is usually employed as clindamycin phosphate (CAS number 24729-96-2, EC number 246-433-0, molecular formula CHClNOPS ), sometimes as clindamycin hydrochloride (CAS number 21462-39-5, EC number 244-398-6, molecular formula CHClNOS ) (1).
Antibiotics Commonly Used for Skin Infections
Sarah H. Wakelin, Howard I. Maibach, Clive B. Archer in Handbook of Systemic Drug Treatment in Dermatology, 2015
Clindamycin is not known to be harmful in pregnancy.
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis: a rare side effect of clindamycin
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2019
Sijan Basnet, Rashmi Dhital, Biswaraj Tharu
Introduction: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare adverse effect of clindamycin characterized by widespread papules and pustulosis 1 – 3 weeks of its use. Case description: We present a case of a 71-year-old woman diagnosed with AGEP after clindamycin use for a tooth infection. She had been started on empiric prednisone without benefit. She did not have any systemic involvement and had an unremarkable blood work . Her rash resolved completely in a month.
Bioavailability testing of a newly developed clindamycin oral suspension in a pediatric porcine model
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2019
Grace A. Goode, Santosh J. Wagh, David J. Irby, Dejian Ma, Richard F. Jacobs, Gregory L. Kearns, Hassan Almoazen
Background: Clindamycin’s bitter taste and odor is known to affect treatment adherence in children. Recently, a formulation of clindamycin HCl complexed with ion exchange resin IRP 69 was shown to mask the bitter taste. Because of the potential benefit of this formulation for children, a pilot study using a porcine model was conducted to evaluate its relative bioavailability. Methods: A randomized two-way crossover study design using six (n = 6) healthy male piglets 10–12 kg was used to evaluate the absorption profiles and pharmacokinetic parameters of clindamycin from the resinate complex formulation (Test) compared to a commercialized reference suspension. A dose of 15 mg/kg was administered orally by gastric gavage to each piglet followed by repeated blood sampling over 12 h. A wash-out period of 48 h occurred between treatments. Plasma concentration vs. time data was analyzed by non-compartmental analysis. Results: The mean relative bioavailability of clindamycin from the resinate formulation was 78.8%. A two-tailed, paired Student t test yielded a p
Topical clindamycin in the management of acne vulgaris
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2007
A small cadre of antimicrobials are commonly used and regarded as effective and safe, as systemic and topical treatments of acne vulgaris. These include oral tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline and topical clindamycin and erythromycin. Topical antimicrobials work via both antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial mechanisms: the former due to suppression of the growth of propionibacterial species (especially Propionibacterium acnes and P. granulosum). Clindamycin appears to be superior in efficacy compared with erythromycin and tetracycline. However, the emergence and spread of resistance among propionibacteria to both erythromycin and clindamycin calls into question their long-term viability as topical anti-acne therapies. Only through judicious use of combination topical therapies (e.g., topical retinoid, benzoyl peroxide or azelaic acid plus clindamycin or erythromycin) and the practice of effective infection control (i.e., handwashing between seeing patients in the clinic) can both clindamycin's and erythromycin's widespread utility be preserved in this disorder.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Acne
- Antibiotic
- Infectious Disease
- Malaria
- Lincomycin
- Inn
- Topical