Part II Topical Antimicrobials
Daryl S. Paulson in Handbook of Topical Antimicrobials, 2002
In Part II, we discuss various aspects of the topical antimicrobial products currently in common use in the medical, food service, and consumer (personal hygiene) markets. The antimicrobial products of primary interest include iodine complexes (aqueous iodophors and tinctures), aqueous formulations and tinctures of chlorhexidine gluconate, triclosan, and parachlorometaxylenol, alcohol formulations, and quaternary ammonium products. Let us review some general aspects of these topical antimicrobials.
Current Topical Antimicrobials
Daryl S. Paulson in Topical Antimicrobials Testing and Evaluation, 2015
In this chapter, we discuss various aspects of the topical antimicrobial products currently in common use in medical, food service, and consumer (personal hygiene) markets. The antimicrobial products of primary interest include iodine complexes (aqueous iodophors and tinctures), aqueous formulations of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), triclosan, parachlorometaxylenol (PCMX), alcohol formulations, tinctures of CHG, and quaternary ammonium products [2, 31]. Commonly, alcohol is formulated purely or blended with other drugs, such as iodine and CHG, to increase its performance benefits.
Genomic identification of microbial species adhering to maxillofacial prostheses and susceptibility to different hygiene protocols
Published in Biofouling, 2018
Juliana Barchelli Pinheiro, Marina Peris Vomero, Cássio do Nascimento, Evandro Watanabe, Helena de Freitas Oliveira Paranhos, Neide Pena Coto, Reinaldo Brito Dias, Viviane Cássia de Oliveira, Cláudia Helena Silva-Lovato
This study investigated the microbial colonization of maxillofacial prostheses and support tissues using the Checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization method, and the efficacy of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, 10% Ricinus communis solutions, or brushing, on colony forming unit (CFU) reduction in monospecies biofilms (Candida glabrata, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) formed on two silicones (MDX 4-4210 and Bio-Skin). Biofilm was harvested from 43 maxillofacial prosthesis wearers for detection of 38 species of microorganisms. The CFU counts of the six above mentioned species were recorded after using the hygiene protocols. All 38 investigated species were identified in prostheses and tissues, with a higher prevalence in the prostheses. 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate immersion showed the greatest antimicrobial effectiveness, followed by mechanical brushing protocols. MDX 4-4210 silicone produced lower CFU counts than Bio-Skin.
Daily Bathing with Chlorhexidine and Its Effects on Nosocomial Infection Rates in Pediatric Oncology Patients
Published in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2015
Chittalsinh M. Raulji, Kristin Clay, Cruz Velasco, Lolie C. Yu
Infections remain a serious complication in pediatric oncology patients. To determine if daily bathing with Chlorhexidine gluconate can decrease the rate of nosocomial infection in pediatric oncology patients, we reviewed rates of infections in pediatric oncology patients over a 14-month span. Intervention group received daily bath with Chlorhexidine, while the control group did not receive daily bath. The results showed that daily bath with antiseptic chlorhexidine as daily prophylactic antiseptic topical wash leads to decreased infection density amongst the pediatric oncology patients, especially in patients older than 12 years of age. Furthermore, daily chlorhexidine bathing significantly reduced the rate of hospital acquired infection in patients older than 12 years of age. The findings of this study suggest that daily bathing with chlorhexidine may be an effective measure of reducing nosocomial infection in pediatric oncology patients.
Different methods for subgingival application of chlorhexidine in the treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2016
Jelena Lecic, Sasa Cakic, Ognjenka Janjic Pavlovic, Ana Cicmil, Olivera Vukotic, Vanja Petrovic, Smiljka Cicmil
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical efficacy of different chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) preparations applied subgingivally as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP). Material and methods: A total of 120 periodontal pockets was included in this randomized, controlled, split mouth designed study. According to protocols used in treatment, periodontal pockets were assigned to experimental and control groups as follows: CHX solution as an addition to SRP versus control SRP group; CHX gel as an addition to SRP versus control SRP; CHX chip as an addition to SRP versus control SRP group. Following clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, one and three months after the baseline: plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding index (BI) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Results: The most significant improvements were found concerning PI in CHX solution with SRP and CHX gel with SRP groups over controls at one month recall, as well as concerning BI and PPD in CHX chip with SRP group over SRP alone at three-month recall. Conclusion: Results of this study favour combination therapy using CHX chip as an adjunct to SRP due to greater improvements in BI and PPD compared to those obtained by SRP alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Bacteriostatic
- Enamel
- Pellicle
- Poliovirus
- Active Ingredient
- Mouthwash
- Dental Plaque