Non-specific urethritis
Shiv Shanker Pareek in The Pictorial Atlas of Common Genito-Urinary Medicine, 2018
Epididymo-orchitis is treated with NSAIDs for the inflammation plus antibiotics for any suspected underlying bacterial infection. Ceftriaxone 250 mg intramuscular single dose, plus doxycycline 100 mg orally two times per day for 10 to 14 days.Alternatives:– ofloxacin 200 mg orally two times per day for 14 days.– ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally two times per day for 10 days.
Anti-Infective Agents
Keith Struthers in Clinical Microbiology, 2017
The R1 side chain of the cephalosporins determines their range of activity. In general the first generation agents (cefalexin) have greater gram-positive activity, while second generation agents (cefuroxime) and third generation agents (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone) have a relative increase in gram-negative activity. The side chain of cefalexin is essentially the same as that of amoxicillin, and can account for the cross-reactivity between these two antibiotics in the allergic patient, as discussed in more detail later in this chapter. The R2 side chain of the cephalosporins determines their pharmacokinetics. Ceftriaxone has a half-life of 8 hours, which is considerably longer than the 1–2 hours of most other β-lactams. It can be given as a regime of 2 g q24h, which makes it particularly useful for intravenous outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT).
Ceftriaxone
M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson in Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Ceftriaxone is not absorbed after oral administration, and so it must be administered by either the intramuscular (i.m.) or intravenous (i.v.) route. It is more suitable for i.m. administration than other third-generation cephalosporins because it has a prolonged serum half-life, which allows administration at 12-hour or 24-hour intervals (Eron et al., 1983; Legua et al., 2002). In the ambulatory setting, ceftriaxone has been successfully used to treat a range of serious bacterial infections in all age groups and in patients who were either immunocompetent or immunocompromised and/or neutropenic (Nathwani, 2000). The antibiotic has also been widely used in hospitalized patients.
New insights into the treatment of acute otitis media
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2023
Rana E. El Feghaly, Amanda Nedved, Sophie E. Katz, Holly M. Frost
For patients with amoxicillin treatment failure (no improvement or worsening after 2–14 days of antibiotics), recurrence (new infection within 15–30 days of infection), or a history of recurrent infections that have not been previously responsive to amoxicillin, we recommend amoxicillin-clavulanate to provide additional coverage for organisms that produce beta-lactamase. Amoxicillin-clavulanate achieves higher concentrations in the middle ear and provides better coverage against common otopathogens than oral cephalosporins, macrolides, or clindamycin [2,86–88]. For children who have failed treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanate or received initial treatment with a non-penicillin antibiotic, we recommend intramuscular ceftriaxone. Ceftriaxone can be given as a single dose and repeated every 24–48 h for a maximum of three total doses if the child fails to improve.
Ophthalmologic Assesment of Patients with Syphilitic Optic Neuropathy
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2023
Gözde Orman, Gülten Sungur
Four patients were treated with intravenous (IV) ceftriaxone, 2 g daily for 2 weeks. Nine patients received IV penicillin G, 24 million units daily for 2 weeks. Two patients were administered antibiotic treatment only. Patients with anterior uveitis were also treated with topical corticosteroids and cycloplegic eye drops. Eleven patients were administered oral prednisolone (48 mg/day), and the dose was then tapered (8 mg/week) 7 days after initiating antibiotic therapy. Two patients were administered posterior sub-tenon steroids under systemic antibiotic therapy for CME. Optic disc swelling in three patients with additional systemic diseases such as IGT and Behçet’s disease was thought to be due to syphilis because the optic disc findings of all patients improved after systemic antibiotic treatment. The IGT and Behçet’s disease were systemically regulated in these patients.
A rare pathogen causing pulmonary infection and liver dysfunction in a 46-day-old infant: Rhizobium radiobacter
Published in Paediatrics and International Child Health, 2023
Yanyan Wang, Shuhua An
She was given ceftriaxone empirically (compound glycyrrhizin) for liver protection and ambroxol for treatment of sputum. After 3 days of treatment, the infant was breathing more easily and coughed less, her temperature was normal and the moist crackles in her chest gradually resolved. On Day 4 of admission, a blood culture was positive for R. radiobacter. Cultures of sputum and CSF were negative. The strain was sensitive to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin+tazobactam and levofloxacin. Ceftriaxone was prescribed and the infant’s condition improved. Regarding the medical history, the infants’ parents were from a rural area where they cultivated legumes and were in frequent contact with the soil. It was therefore thought that the infant’s infection was likely to have been transmitted by her parents.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Cephalosporin
- Endocarditis
- Meningitis
- Otitis Media
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Pneumonia
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Pathogenic Bacteria
- Gonorrhea
- Intravenous Therapy