Phytotherapeutic Agents in Epilepsy
Vikas Kumar, Addepalli Veeranjaneyulu in Herbs for Diabetes and Neurological Disease Management, 2018
Carvone is a monoterpenoid occurring in (R)-(-) form in spearmint (Mentha spicata) oil, and as (S)-(+)-carvone in caraway (Carum carvi) and dill seed (Anethum graveolens) oils. Both the isomers have been shown to have a general depressant effect on the CNS. A comparative study on the two isomers, however, revealed a significant difference relating to their anti-convulsant activity. (S)-(+)-carvone was shown to significantly increase the latency of convulsions induced by PTZ and PIC, but (R)-(-)-carvone was ineffective as anticonvulsant78 thus showing the influence of chirality on their antirpileptic potential.
Monographs of fragrance chemicals and extracts that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Anton C. de Groot in Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Carvone is a colorless to pale yellow clear liquid; its odor type is minty and its odor at 100% is described as ‘minty licorice’ (www.thegoodscentscompany.com). Carvone has different forms: L-carvone, D-carvone and DL-carvone. L-Carvone smells and tastes like spearmint and D-carvone smells like caraway and has a taste like rye bread. It occurs naturally in over 140 plants. L-Carvone is the main ingredient of spearmint oil with concentrations ranging from 60 to 82% (5). D-Carvone occurs naturally in caraway and dill seeds and many essential oils.
Biotransformation of Monoterpenoids by Microorganisms, Insects, and Mammals
K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer in Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Carvone occurs as (+)-carvone (93), (−)-carvone (93′), or racemic carvone. (S)-(+)-Carvone (93) is the main component of caraway oil (ca. 60%) and dill oil and has a herbaceous odor reminiscent of caraway and dill seeds. (R)-(−)-Carvone (93′) occurs in spearmint oil at a concentration of 70%–80% and has a herbaceous odor similar to spearmint (Bauer et al., 1990).
Carvone protects against paclitaxel-induced retinal and optic nerve cytotoxicity: a histopathological study
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2019
Emine Cinici, Nilay Dilekmen, Zerrin Kutlu, Busra Dincer, Ozkan Cinici, Hilal Balta, Ilknur Calık
Bioactive compounds from plants are extensively studied for their capacity to protect cells from damage which is induced by OS. Carvone (CVN) (5-isopropenyl-2-methyl-2-cyclohexenone) is a natural monocyclic monoterpene which is found naturally in many essential oils8. It is most abundant in the oils from seeds of caraway (Carum carvi L. Umbelliferae), spearmint (Mentha spicata), and dill8. CVN forms two enantiomers: R-(–)-CVN, or L-CVN and its mirror image, S-(+)-CVN, or D-CVN 9. There is accumulating evidence indicating that CVN has impressive health-promoting effects, among them are antioxidant, antitumor, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticonvulsant activities10. To our knowledge, no research exists addressing the possible protective effects of CVN focusing primarily on retinal and/or optic nerve tissues. This study aims to evaluate whether CVN has any protective effect against OS-based cytotoxicity induced by PTX in retinal and optic nerve tissues histopathologically.
Carvone suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver of immobilised rats
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023
Masoumeh Asle-Rousta, Rahim Amini, Safieh Aghazadeh
Several natural terpenoids have been shown to have a hepatoprotective effect (de Cássia da Silveira e Sá et al.2013). Carvone (5-isopropenyl-2-methyl-2-cyclohexenone), a member of the monoterpene family, is abundant in many plants, including caraway and spearmint (de Carvalho and da Fonseca 2006). Researches have shown that carvone possesses various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antihepatotoxic, antimicrobial, and fungicidal activities (Aydın et al.2015, Moro et al. 2017). The antioxidant effects of carvone have been evaluated and published by several independent groups (Elmastaş et al.2006, Vinothkumar et al.2013, Rajeshwari and Raja 2015). Moreover, it has been found to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced acute lung injury and high-fat diet-induced obesity mice (Alsanea and Liu 2017, Tang et al.2017).
The natural plant compound carvacrol as an antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agent: mechanisms, synergies and bio-inspired anti-infective materials
Published in Biofouling, 2018
Anna Marchese, Carla Renata Arciola, Erika Coppo, Ramona Barbieri, Davide Barreca, Salima Chebaibi, Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez, Seyed Fazel Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad Nabavi, Maria Daglia
CAR (2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-phenol) (C10H14O) is a monoterpenic phenol, isomeric with thymol (Figure 2). The biologically active isomer, carvone, is a monoterpene ketone, traditionally isolated by fractional distillation of caraway or spearmint oils. S-(+)-carvone is the main component of caraway oil and dill, with an odor resembling that of these herbs. The other isomer, R-(−)-carvone, occurs at high concentrations (70-80%) in spearmint oil and is also the major component responsible for its aroma. While thymol is crystalline at room temperature, CAR and carvone are liquid. Carvone is practically insoluble in water but easily soluble in ethanol and ether (Rappoport 2004). In CAR the -OH group is placed in -ortho with respect to the methyl group present in the ring. The position and the presence of the substituents are essential for its chemical properties and biological activities.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Alternative Medicine
- Aromatherapy
- Caraway
- Dill
- Essential Oil
- Terpenoid
- Spearmint
- Insect Repellent
- Enantioselective Synthesis
- Total Synthesis