Survey of Indigenous Knowledge of Medicinal Plants in India
Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Santosh K. Mishra in Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants in Food Design, 2022
In some previous studies performed at Bhiwani district [3, 4], Bryophyllum pinnatum and Crateva magna were reported useful in stone-related problems. Scoparia dulcis was reported from different study areas [8]. Similar ethnobotanical and medicinal practices have previously been studied in different localities of Haryana, such as Jhajjar district [18],Central Haryana [4, 7],Gurugram district [21],Hisar district [40],Karnal district [26],Mahendergarh district [30, 31, 32],Plains of Yamuna Nagar district [22],Whole Haryana [3, 12].
Herbal Drug Discovery Against Inflammation: From Traditional Wisdom to Modern Therapeutics
Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter in Medicinal Plants, 2023
Pentacyclic triterpenes (PTs) as aglycones of saponins have been used as anti-inflammatory remedies in folk medicine (Safayhi and Sailer, 1997). Betula alba, B. pendula, B. pubescent, and B. platyphylla containing betulin as an active biological constituent. Studies reported on the activity of methanolic extract from the rhizomes of N. nucifera, as well as betulin and betulinic acid, revealed a marked inhibition of the carrageenan and serotonin-induced rat paw edema. The fruit juice of Ecballium elaterium L.A Cucurbitacin. (Family-Cucurbitaceae) used as Turkish folk medicine for the treatment of sinusitis has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity (Perez, 2001). Plant sterols and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) reduces systemic inflammation as well as are cardioprotective in hyperlipidemic individuals (Micallef and Garga, 2009). Oleanolic acid 3-glucoside Isolated from Randia dumetorum Lam. (Rubiaceae) seeds showed significant anti-arthritic activity in the exudative and proliferative phases of inflammation in rats (Perez, 2001). Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae) and Bryophyllum pinnatum (Crassulaceae) contain ß-sitosterol which shows anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities which have been studied on carrageenan-induced edema, cotton pellet implantation, and Brewer´s yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. ß-Sitosterol was found to possess potent anti-inflammatory activity against both tests, similar to hydrocortisone and oxyphenbutazone (Perez, 2001).
Research on Medicinal Plants for Malaria
Woon-Chien Teng, Ho Han Kiat, Rossarin Suwanarusk, Hwee-Ling Koh in Medicinal Plants and Malaria, 2016
In view of this, priority for further research could be also given to the 14 plants from the current study found to be used in four continents for malaria (excluding the two Cinchona species): Allium sativum, Caesalpinia bonduc, Capsicum frutescens, Carica papaya, Cissampelos pareira, Coffea arabica, Eucalyptus globulus, Leonotis nepetifolia, Momordica charantia, Mangifera indica, Senna occidentalis, and Sida acuta, four of which are mentioned in the list by Willcox and Bodeker. Annona muricata, Sida rhombifolia, Jatropha curcas, and Zingiber officinale, which are mentioned to be used in three tropical continents in 2004, are also reported in the current study to be used in three continents. Ricinus communis and Senna tora are reported to be used in two continents and one continent, respectively, in the current study; whereas Kalanchoe pinnata is not reported in the current list, probably owing to different search strategies and sources used. It is of note that the IVmal system included plants used to treat fever. In the current study, plants solely used for fever other than “malarial fever” were excluded, for the purpose of having a more conservative definition of medicinal plants used for malaria.
UPLC-PDA-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS fingerprint of purified flavonoid enriched fraction of Bryophyllum pinnatum; antioxidant properties, anticholinesterase activity and in silico studies
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Joyce Oloaigbe Ogidigo, Chioma Assumpta Anosike, Parker Elijah Joshua, Collins U. Ibeji, Daniel Emmanuel Ekpo, Bennett C. Nwanguma, Okwesili Fred Chiletugo Nwodo
Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken (Crassulaceae) is a succulent perennial herb commonly known as ‘miracle plant’ and in Nigeria locally known as ‘Oda opue’ in Igbo and ‘Abamoda’ in Yoruba. It is widely distributed in tropical Africa, India, China, Australia, and South America (Afzal et al. 2013). Bryophyllum pinnatum flourishes throughout parts of Southern Nigeria and is commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of many ailments (Afzal et al. 2013; Chibli et al. 2014). Several bioactive compounds including, phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, glycosides, steroids, bufadienolides, cardenolides, and organic acids, have been identified and documented in B. pinnatum (Fernandes et al. 2019). Bryophyllum pinnatum plant extracts are reported to possess several pharmacological activities including antimicrobial (Abubakar et al. 2014), neuropharmacological (Salahdeen and Yemitan 2006), anti-inflammatory and analgesic (Fürer et al. 2013), muscle relaxant and sedative (Plangger et al. 2006), gastroprotective (Afzal et al. 2013) and antioxidant (Sharma et al. 2014).
Neuroprotective effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum flavonoids against aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in rats
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2022
Joyce Oloaigbe Ogidigo, Chioma Assumpta Anosike, Parker Elijah Joshua, Collins U. Ibeji, Bennett C. Nwanguma, Okwesili Fred Chiletugo Nwodo
Natural products remain a viable alternative in the discovery of novel therapeutic agents. Several works of literature have shown considerable evidence that the intake of natural antioxidants from medicinal plants may prevent and treat neurodegenerative diseases by improving neuronal survival and functions (Almeida et al. 2016). Bryophyllum pinnatum Lam (Crassulaceae) is an important perennial herb widely distributed in India, China, tropical Africa, South America, and Australia. B. pinnatum is extensively used to treat a variety of ailments, including hypertension, cancer, renal disorders, diabetes mellitus, brain disorders, arthritis, rheumatism, infections, and headaches (Yemitan and Salahdeen 2005; Afzal et al. 2012; Yadav et al. 2016; Bachmann et al. 2017; Onoja et al. 2018). Studies on the plant composition have provided evidence for the presence of a wide array of secondary metabolites (Kolodziejczyk-Czepas and Stochmal 2017; Fernandes et al. 2019), which have been credited to their diverse medicinal and pharmacological properties (Kamboj and Saluja 2009). Polyphenols represent the major class of bioactive metabolites predominant in B. pinnatum (Thorat et al. 2018). Recent reports from preliminary studies on B. pinnatum leaves in our laboratory indicated the presence of bioactive compounds and an appreciable amount of polyphenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, which exhibit significant in vitro antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties (Ogidigo et al. 2021), a finding consistent with reports by Ojo et al. (2018) and Elufioye et al. (2019). In a more recent study by Anadozie et al. (2019), crude extracts of B. pinnatum improved short-term memory in the face of CCl4-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Furthermore, B. pinnatum presents relevant preclinical pharmacological evidence, mainly antioxidant, anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive activities (Morais Fernandes et al. 2021), which may be effective in ameliorating neurodegeneration associated with aluminum toxicity. Nonetheless, reports on the neuroprotective role of B. pinnatum against aluminum-induced neurodegeneration are scanty. Thus, this study aims to investigate the neurorestorative potential of B. pinnatum flavonoid-rich fraction against aluminum-induced neurodegeneration in rats by evaluating its effect on cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative imbalance.