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Role of Nanoparticles in Cancer Immunotherapy
Published in D. Sakthi Kumar, Aswathy Ravindran Girija, Bionanotechnology in Cancer, 2023
MDSCs inhibit T cells-based immune responses. Lee et al. have shown the use of baccatin III (a precursor of paclitaxel) in reducing the infiltration of MDSC at tumor site [78]. Jeanbart et al. conjugated 6-thioguanine to polyethylene glycol(PEG)-PPS polymer micelles that efficiently depleted MDSCs and finally resulted in reduced tumor burden [79]. In another exciting report, Wang et al. have developed poly(amidoamine) dendrimers for ‘all-trans retinoic acids (ATRA)’ delivery that enhances the myeloid cells differentiation into mature DCs, macrophages, and granulocytes [80, 81].
On Biocatalysis as Resourceful Methodology for Complex Syntheses: Selective Catalysis, Cascades and Biosynthesis
Published in Peter Grunwald, Pharmaceutical Biocatalysis, 2019
Andreas Sebastian Klein, Thomas Classen, Jörg Pietruszka
The small biosynthetic amounts of anti-cancer agent paclitaxel (25, taxol) obtained from the Pacific yew (Taxus brevifolia) led to the development of alternative production strategies (Patel, 1998). Although total syntheses were published, these were not economically justifiable due to the complexity of the molecule. Since an intermediate of the taxol biosynthesis, 10-deacetylbaccatin III (28), occurs in larger amounts in the leaves of the European yew (Taxus baccata), Holton (1993) developed a semisynthesis approach for the production of taxol (25). Starting from 10-deacetylbaccatin III (28), the 7-O-triethylsilyl baccatin III (29) is first obtained by two consecutive protection reactions, which resulted after conversion with the Ojima lactone (30) and a subsequent deprotection in taxol (Fig. 21.11).
Plants Species with Anticancer Activity
Published in Spyridon E. Kintzios, Maria G. Barberaki, Evangelia A. Flampouri, Plants That Fight Cancer, 2019
Evangelia Flampouri, Spyridon Kintzios, Maria Barberaki
Active ingredients: Taxane diterpenes, among them paclitaxel (earlier known as taxol), cephalomannine.Key precursors: baccatin III, 10-desacetylbaccatin III, 9-dihydrobaccatin III, 13-Acetyl-9-dihydrobaccatin III, baccatin VI.Related compounds, such as taxotere.
Characterization of metabolites of larotaxel in rat by liquid chromatography coupled with Q exactive high-resolution benchtop quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometer
Published in Xenobiotica, 2018
Zhenzhen Liu, Pengyi Hou, Lian Liu, Feng Qian
Paclitaxel and docetaxel are the two main taxanes in clinical use with success for patients with ovarian, breast or lung cancer, which have contributed significantly to the improved treatment of a number of neoplastic diseases (Ahn et al., 2014; Karavasilis et al., 2014; Martin et al., 2005; Tolaney et al., 2015). However, over time multiple drug mechanism of resistance becomes a major obstacle to the successful treatment of malignancies, with the induction of the efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) being one of the most important features (Metzger-Filho et al., 2009). Larotaxel (XRP9881, RPR109881), prepared by synthesis of 10-desacetyl baccatin-III, is a novel anti-cancer agent with low affinity for P-gp (Metzger-Filho et al., 2009; Pivot et al., 2008). Larotaxel had a broad spectrum of activity against both the docetaxel-sensitive and docetaxel-resistant or paclitaxel-resistant cell lines such as B16 melanoma, C38 colon adenocarcinoma, 13/C breast adenocarcinoma, P03 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and P388 leukemia (Kurata et al., 2000; Pivot et al., 2008).