Anti-Hyperglycemic Property Of Medicinal Plants
Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter in Medicinal Plants, 2023
Areca catechu with a vernacular name Indian nut is a fellow of Arecaceae family. It is native to Philippines, but now has distributed to other countries like India, Bangladesh, Southern China, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, and others. Anti-hyperglycemic potential of chloroform, petroleum ether, and methanol fraction of Areca leaves was analyzed in a study involving Wister rats. The streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats were given 200 mg/kg extracts daily for half a month. All the extracts elicited reduction in FBG, but most effective one was found to be methanolic extract (Mondal et al., 2012). In another study, ethanolic, aqueous, and petroleum ether extract of Areca flowers were evaluated at a dosage of 500 mg/kg in AI hyperglycemic rats for 3 weeks. It was reported that ethanol and aqueous extract produced a noteworthy lowering in blood glucose as well as improvement of body weight and various diabetic parameters associated with the disease (Ghate et al., 2014).
Antimicrobial Properties of Traditional Medicinal Plants: Status and Potential
Megh R. Goyal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan in Plant- and Marine-Based Phytochemicals for Human Health, 2018
Kani tribes are situated in Kouthalai of Tirunelveli hills, Tamil Nadu, India. They have practical knowledge about their TM plants. The combination of A. conyzoides leaf juice and Cocculus hirsutus is used to treat diarrhea. A mixture of Borreria ocymoides leaf juice, Garcinia pictoria leaf juice, and Syzigium cumini stem bark, along with gingerly oil is prepared as a paste and applied to wounds. Carmona retusa leaf powder is primarily useful for cleaning teeth. The whole plant is mixed with Acacia nilotica leaves and the seeds of Areca catechu and then used to cure toothache and to fortify teeth. Skin diseases are easily cured by a formulation of Crotalaria pallida leaf powder and root bark along with Tragia involucrata and Wrightia tinctoria leaves. This paste can be used externally to cure skin diseases. Scleropyrum pentandrum stem bark and leaves are also used to treat skin diseases. Extracted oil from Pongamia pinnata and the leaf paste from Eupatorium odoratum are mixed thoroughly and applied to wounds.
Miscellaneous Abused Drugs
Frank Lynn Iber in Alcohol and Drug Abuse as Encountered in Office Practice, 2020
Betel nut chewing is limited to those from South Asia and the Malaysia area, where some quarter of a billion persons are daily users. It is available in Oriental stores in America. Three ingredients (Areca catechu nut, calcium hydroxide, and betel fruit, Piper betel) are placed in the mouth and chewed. The taste is unpleasantly astringent and bitter, but alkaloids are absorbed that are stimulatory with effects not unlike coca leaves.
Arecoline inhibits pineal–testis function in experimentally induced hypothyroid rats
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020
Indraneel Saha, Suman Bhusan Chakraborty, Aniruddha Chatterjee, Debajyoti Pradhan, Urmi Chatterji, B. R. Maiti
Betel nut is the seed of Areca catechu. Millions of people chew the seed for increased capacity of physical work, euphoria and stress reduction. The nut contains arecoline, as principal alkaloid, which has therapeutic value for the treatment of Alzheimer with presenile dementia (memory enhancer) (Soncrant et al. 1993) and Schizophrenia (Sullivan et al. 2000). It has several adverse side effects, like increased risk of oral cancer in humans (IARC 2004), immunosuppression, hepatotoxicity and impaired antioxidant production in mice (Dasgupta et al. 2006). Arecoline also causes pineal dysfunction in rats (Saha et al. 2007) and hypothyroidism in mice (Dasgupta et al. 2010a), but stimulates adrenal in mice (Dasgupta et al. 2010b), and male gonadal functions including hyperplasia of the prostate gland in rats (Saha et al. 2007, 2011). In addition arecoline has a protective function in experimentally induced diabetic rats (Saha et al. 2015).
Areca nut procyanidins prevent ultraviolet light B-induced photoaging via suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinases in mouse skin
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Chia-Ling Weng, Chih-Chiang Chen, Han-Hsing Tsou, Tsung-Yun Liu, Hsiang-Tsui Wang
The extraction was modified from our previous studies (Huang et al.2010). Briefly, fresh tender areca nuts, the fruit of Areca catechu, were purchased from local shops in Taipei, Taiwan. After removing the husks, the nuts were extracted three times with 80% acetone (1:10 w/v). The acetone was then removed using a vacuum evaporator (Buchi Re111, Switzerland) under reduced pressure. The aqueous residue was subsequently partitioned with n-hexane and ethyl ether to remove lipid materials. After lyophilizing the aqueous layer, the resulting light-yellow powder was used as the areca nut extract (ANE) and kept at −20 °C under argon. Our previous studies have shown that ANE contained catechin-based procyanidins, which ranged from dimers to decamers and polymers, using HPLC and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) (Huang et al.2010). Therefore, we refer to the extract as ANPs throughout and two doses of ANP (10 and 20 mg/kg/d) were used in the UVB-induced photoaging mouse model according to our previous studies showing antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory potential of ANPs (Huang et al.2010).
A Discourse Analysis on Betel Nut Chewing in Hunan Province, China
Published in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2021
With the large potential consumers, the production and sale of betel nuts are rapidly increasing and supporting a multibillion dollar industry in China. Hunan Province does not grow areca catechu trees and areca fruit has to be imported from Hainan Province or Thailand. The final products for chewing are the dried halved husks, and industrially packaged with different flavored substances. In Hainan Province, the cultivation of areca trees has a history of about 1,500 years. Among the tropical crops produced in Hainan, betel nut farming ranks first followed by rubber and coconut. According to the report in China’s Binglang Industry Net (http://binglang.99114.com, July 24, 2018), Hainan has expanded the planting area for areca nuts to about 978,000 acres, and the total annual production is 143,000 tons, with the total value of 2 billion yuan, taking up 95% of the cultivation of the whole country. This industry involves 2,300,000 farmers (China Industry and Economy News, January 27, 2016). However, the processing industry falls into Hunan Province. According to Scientific and Technological News (April 17, 2015), Hunan has created the value of 40 billion yuan industry, with its yearly increase of 20–30%. It aims to promote the upgrade of Binglang Cultural Industry with the integration of research and development, cultivation, processing, trade, culture and tourism (Hunan Daily, August 12, 2018).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Alkaloid
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- Arecoline
- Tannin
- Betel Nut Chewing
- Betel
- Procyanidin
- Arecatannin