Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections
Russell W. Steele in Clinical Handbook of Pediatric Infectious Disease, 2007
Skin and soft tissue abscesses occurring in the normal child are often managed simply with incision and drainage, debridement and irrigation. There is no clear evidence that antibiotics offer any benefit in the treatment of abscesses that can be drained. When medical therapy is considered necessary such as with nonfluctuant subcutaneous abscesses or cellulitis, systemic antimicrobial therapy should be given. Persistent or severe infections should alert the physician to the possibility of other underlying conditions. Occasionally, streptococcal and staphylococcal skin abscesses result in toxic shock syndrome (see Chapter 2) and skin infections caused by exotoxin producing Staphylococcus aureus evolve to staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome with its characteristic Nikolsky sign (Fig. 1).
Tonsillitis, Adenoiditis, Purulent Nasopharyngitis, and Uvulitis
Itzhak Brook in Anaerobic Infections, 2008
Tonsillitis is a common disease of childhood. It is extremely infectious in that it spreads easily by droplets. The incubation period is two to four days. The diagnosis of tonsillitis generally requires the consideration of group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) infection. However, numerous other bacteria alone or in combinations (including Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae), viruses, and other infectious and noninfectious causes should be considered. Recognition of the cause and choice of appropriate therapy are of utmost importance in assuring rapid recovery and preventing complications.
Microbiology
Thomas Locke, Sally Keat, Andrew Walker, Rory Mackinnon in Microbiology and Infectious Diseases on the Move, 2013
For each of the following questions, please choose the single most likely bacterium responsible for the presenting conditions. Each option may be used once, more than once or not at all. 1) Chlamydia trachomatis 2) Neisseria gonorrhoeae 3) Neisseria meningitidis 4) Staphylococcus aureus 5) Staphylococcus epidermidis 6) Staphylococcus saprophyticus 7) Streptococcus agalactiae 8) Streptococcus pneumoniae 9) Streptococcus pyogenes 10) Viridans group streptococci Question 1 A 7-year-old girl presents to the Accident and Emergency Department with facial swelling, worse around the eyes. A urine sample on admission appears dark and frothy. The patient was treated with oral antibiotics from her GP for a sore throat 2 weeks prior to the onset of the current illness.
Emerging of coagulase negative staphylococci as a cause of mastitis in dairy animals: An environmental hazard
Published in International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine, 2013
Jakeen K. El-Jakee, Noha E. Aref, Alaa Gomaa, Mahmoud D. El-Hariri, Hussein M. Galal, Sherif A. Omar, Ahmed Samir
In Egypt, knowledge about the coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) involved in mastitic animals is limited. CNS have emerged to be pathogens causing intramammary infections in Egyptian dairy herds. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of CNS in dairy ruminants (cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats). A total of 884 quarter milk samples were investigated to study the prevalence of CNS among mastitic and subclinically mastitic cows, buffalo–cows, ewes and does in Egypt. Identification of the isolates was achieved using API staph test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). CNS were isolated from the examined subclinical mastitic cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats with percentages of 16.6%, 59.4%, 50% and 55.6%, respectively. Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus cohnii, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus chromogenes, Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus lugdunensis and Staphylococcus simulans were identified as CNS that recovered from the examined milk samples. The CNS as mastitis-causing agents could not be neglected as they can cause substantial economic losses.
The effect of UVB radiation on skin microbiota in patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy controls
Published in International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 2008
Lars Kåre Dotterud, Tom Wilsgaard, Lars H Vorland, Edvard S Falk
OBJECTIVES: To investigate Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis quantitatively in adult patients with atopic dermatitis and in healthy controls treated with UVB radiation. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-three adult patients (of these, 3 were excluded) with flexural atopic dermatitis and 20 healthy controls were randomly selected at the outpatient clinic of the Dermatological Department, University Hospital, North Norway. METHODS: Adult patients with atopic dermatitis (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20) were given 20 UVB treatments. Bacterial samples were collected before treatment, after 4 weeks of treatment, and finally after 2 weeks follow-up. RESULTS: The main bacteria found were Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. 16 of the 20 patients with atopic dermatitis had Staphylococcus aureus in lesional skin and 12 in non-lesional skin. None of the healthy controls had Staphylococcus aureus in the sample from the flexural elbow. The Staphylococcus aureus counts decreased (not significant) in lesional skin after 4 weeks of treatment and Staphylococcus aureus counts were slightly higher after 2 weeks follow up. The same figures were also seen in non-lesional skin and forehead. CONCLUSIONS: Staphylococcus aureus is widely colonised in the skin of atopic dermatitis patients, but is rare in healthy adults. UVB treatment decreases the Staphylococcus aureus count in patients with atopic dermatitis.
Pathogenic staphylococci and staphylococcal infections in canaries
Published in Avian Pathology, 1994
L. A. Devriese, P. de Herdt, M. Desmidt, P. Dom, R. Ducatelle, C. Godard, F. Haesebrouck, E. Uyttebroek
Summary Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from six cases of bacterial infection in canaries, Staphylococcus hyicus from three and Staphylococcus intermedius from one case. Staphylococcus aureus was most often involved in outbreaks of septicaemia, with or without ‘Megabacterium’ proventriculitis. The other coccal species were mainly complicating disease caused by Atoxoplasma (Lankesterella), Chlamydia psittaci and canary pox.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Coccus
- Ribosomal Rna
- Skin
- Gram-Positive Bacteria