Amikacin
M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson in Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Many clinical studies have documented the efficacy of amikacin in the treatment of septicemia and other serious infections caused by gentamicin-resistant aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (Meyer et al., 1975; Lewis et al., 1977; Tally et al., 1976; Mosquera et al., 1981). Pulmonary infections caused by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli usually respond to amikacin (Bartlett, 1977). However, in one trial in which 19 patients with Serratia infections were treated, only one of eight patients with pneumonia or other deep tissue infections was cured. In four of the treatment failures Serratia spp. strains became increasingly amikacin resistant during therapy (Craven et al., 1977). Urinary tract infections caused by gentamicin-resistant organisms usually respond well to amikacin. If amikacin is used for empiric treatment of sepsis after large bowel surgery, when infection by both aerobic and anaerobic Gram-negative organisms is possible, it should be combined with either clindamycin or metronidazole (Dougherty, 1985).
Medical microbiology
Lois N. Magner, Oliver J. Kim in A History of Medicine, 2017
Military scientists have tested the potential impact of biological weapons by using supposedly harmless bacteria known as simulants. Secret tests were carried out in urban areas until it became obvious that such simulants were not necessarily harmless. In 1976 the Washington Post revealed evidence of the army's use of Serratia marcescens (Chromobacterium prodigiosum) as a simulant in urban areas. The Serratia are soil and water-dwelling microbes that produce pigments known as prodigiosins because of their remarkable coloring, which varies from pale pink to blood red. Microbiologists have used the unusual pigments as biological markers to track the dissemination of bacteria in various environments.
Serratia
Dongyou Liu in Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Serratia species are gram-negative rods that typically ferment glucose and are oxidase negative. Serratia species also usually reduce nitrate to nitrite and are Voges-Proskauer positive. Several commercially available phenotypic systems, such as the API 20E strip (bioMérieux), the Vitek 2 assay (bioMérieux), the Microscan Walk-Away test (Dade-Behring, Siemens), and the BD Phoenix test (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD), correctly identify the most common Serratia species, particularly S. marcescens and S. liquefaciens. Serratia species generally grow well on standard clinical laboratory media, such as tryptic soy agar with 5% sheep blood, chocolate agar, and MacConkey agar.
Phenolic extract of Eugenia uniflora L. and furanone reduce biofilm formation by Serratia liquefaciens and increase its susceptibility to antimicrobials
Published in Biofouling, 2020
Adeline Conceição Rodrigues, Felipe Alves de Almeida, Cleriane André, Maria Cristina Dantas Vanetti, Uelinton Manoel Pinto, Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto, Érica Nascif Rufino Vieira, Nélio José de Andrade
The genus Serratia comprises bacteria in the form of Gram-negative rods of the family Enterobacteriaceae, being frequently encountered in nosocomial infections (Arslan et al. 2010; Remuzgo-Martínez et al. 2015; Srinivasan et al. 2016) and spoiled foods (Macé et al. 2013; Säde et al. 2013; Machado et al. 2015, 2016; Fougy et al. 2016). Serratia liquefaciens is one of the most abundant psychrotrophic microorganisms in cold raw milk and a producer of thermoresistant deterioration enzymes in milk and dairy products, such as proteases and lipases (Cleto et al. 2012; Machado et al. 2015, 2016; Baglinière et al. 2017a, 2017b; Salgado et al. 2020). In addition, different strains of S. liquefaciens isolated from milk and milk processing plants form biofilms and produce spoilage enzymes (Cleto et al. 2012; Teh et al. 2012).
Multispecies biofilm formation by the contaminating microbiota in raw milk
Published in Biofouling, 2019
G. S. Oliveira, D. R. G. Lopes, C. Andre, C. C. Silva, F. Baglinière, M. C. D. Vanetti
Many bacteria belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria are described in the literature as biofilm formers, such as Hafnia alvei, Pseudomonas spp., Serratia spp., Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus (Viana et al. 2009; Cleto et al. 2012; Fabres-Klein et al. 2015; Cherif-Antar et al. 2016). Some of these bacteria are also predominant proteolytic spoilage bacteria found in refrigerated raw milk, such as Serratia liquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pseudomonas lundensis (Machado et al. 2015). Members of the class Bacilli are commonly found in dairy farms and processing plants, and it has been demonstrated that Bacillus spp. (Flint et al. 2001; Parkar et al. 2001; Faille et al. 2014) and Anoxybacillus flavithermus (Palmer et al. 2010) are capable of adhering strongly to SS. These bacteria also have great potential to spoil dairy products due to the production of proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes (Molva et al. 2009; Faille et al. 2014).
Impact of antibiotic susceptibility reporting on broad spectrum antibiotic use in serratia and morganella bacteremia
Published in Journal of Chemotherapy, 2022
Wendy Hui Wen Ng, Ka Lip Chew, Joy Hui Yan Yong, Janice Xuanhui Li
In a recent in-vitro study evaluating 237 isolates by Kohlmann et al [12], the mutation rates were considerably lower in Providencia spp., Serratia spp. (2 × 10−10), and especially Morganella morganii (5 × 10−11) isolates [12]. Conversely, Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter freundii complex and Hafnia alvei isolates were found to have a high mutation rates, with a mean mutation rate of 3 × 10−8. The treatment approach to ESCPM organisms may need to be reconsidered in light of these differences. A recent review highlighted that emergence of 3rd generation cephalosporin resistance among ESCPM organisms appear to be multifactorial and not only dependent on 3rd generation cephalosporin exposure [13]. Given the heterogeneity of these organisms with regards to induction and de-repression rates, they suggest that the possibility of using 3rd generation cephalosporins for the treatment of ESCPM organism should not be dismissed.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Bacteria
- Enterobacteriaceae
- Gelatinase
- Lipase
- Prodigiosin
- Serratia Marcescens
- Bacillus
- Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Facultative Anaerobic Organism
- Serralysin