Burkholderia
Dongyou Liu in Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
The genus Burkholderia covers a diverse group of gram-negative β-proteobacteria, with at least 60 recognized or proposed species. Research to date has mostly focused on the pathogenicity of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei. The Bcc includes more than 20 species that cause serious infections in plants, animals, and humans.1–3 However, these organisms can also be beneficial toward humans and crops as they fix nitrogen, produce antibiotics and antifungals, and degrade organic compounds.4–6B. pseudomallei causes melioidosis, a disease with a variety of symptoms,7 while B. mallei causes glanders, an infection of horses that is rarely transmitted to humans.8
Gold nanoparticles for preparation of antibodies and vaccines against infectious diseases
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2020
An interesting vaccination schedule against glanders, a disease caused by Burkholderia mallei, was proposed by Gregory et al. [135]. GNPs (average diameter, 15 nm) were first covalently bound to recombinant protein carriers – the Hc fragment of tetanus toxin, the hemolysin coregulated protein produced by both B. mallei and B. pseudomallei, and the flagellin produced by B. pseudomallei. The conjugates so prepared were functionalized with purified LPS from a nonvirulent B. thailandensis strain. Mice were immunized three times intranasally, and the dose used was 0.93 μg. The GNP/protein/LPS conjugates generated significantly higher antibody titers than did native LPS. In addition, they improved protection against a lethal inhalation challenge of B. mallei in the murine model of infection. The proposed scheme in the form of aerosol immunization was successfully tested on rhesus monkeys [136]. a similar approach was developed for vaccination against B. pseudomallei myeloidosis [137]. Mice immunized three times subcutaneously with GNPs/protein/LPS generated high-titer antibodies. Importantly, the immunized animals survived nearly 100% and their lungs were less contaminated with bacteria after a lethal infection with B. pseudomallei.
Recent advances in lipopolysaccharide-based glycoconjugate vaccines
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2021
Henderson Zhu, Christine S. Rollier, Andrew J. Pollard
Recent work on preclinical Burkholderia mallei LPS-based glycoconjugate candidates have incorporated AuNPs. The vaccine candidates were constructed in two steps: an initial conjugation was performed between the AuNP and a synthetic peptide antigen, followed by a second conjugation of LPS onto the peptides pre-decorated on the AuNPs [94]. By doing this, the AuNP conjugate carries both peptide and carbohydrate antigens. The vaccine candidates demonstrated high levels of protection shown by100% survival in mice challenged with 50 times LD50.
Omadacycline in treating community-based infections: a review and expert perspective
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2023
George Sakoulas, Michael Nowak, Matthew Geriak
Against bio-threat pathogens, omadacycline has demonstrated in vitro activity against collections of Bacillus anthracis (MIC90 0.06 µg/mL), Yersinia pestis (MIC90 1 µg/mL), Francisella tularensis (MIC90 2 µg/mL), Burkholderia mallei (MIC90 0.25 µg/mL) [42,43].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Animal
- Bacteria
- Burkholderia
- Burkholderia Pseudomallei
- Multilocus Sequence Typing
- Pathogen
- Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Aerobic Organism
- Glanders
- Coccobacillus