Diseases Known to be Caused by the Diet
Stephen Seely, David L. J. Freed, Gerald A. Silverstone, Vicky Rippere in Diet-Related Diseases, 1985
Brucellosis (Malta Fever, undulant fever) is the collective name given to illnesses caused by infection with these organisms. Brucella is primarily an animal parasite, being spread only incidentally to Man. There are three main species: Brucella abortus which infects cattle worldwide and causes infectious abortion in pregnant cows; Br. mehten-sis which mainly infects goats, especially in Mediterranean countries; and Br. suis, a swine parasite that is especially endemic in the midwest United States. Among humans brucellosis is a well-known hazard for vets, farmers and abbattoir workers, who have close contact with infected animals in the course of their work. Bacteriologists studying the organism sometimes become its victims. The reason for its inclusion in this book is that brucellae frequently settle in the udder of the infected beast and are thus passed into the milk, usually for the animal’s lifetime. Brucellae are killed by pasteurisation but some farmers and whole food enthusiasts prefer the taste or composition of untreated milk and so occasionally fall victim. (From the 1 May 1985 a UK government regulation forbids the sale of untreated milk in shops, restaurants and hospitals, or via wholesalers. It will still be legally available at the farm gate. Several states in the USA and EEC have similar regulations.)
B Cells and Immunoglobulins
Miroslav Holub in Immunology of Nude Mice, 2020
The antibacterial response (Brucella abortus) consisted in nu/nu of IgM antibodies and was considerably prolonged over the control (BALB/c) response.67Bordetella pertussis had only a limited adjuvant effect on the primary response to SRBC and the background PFC, a slight increase of IgG PFC occurred in the primary response but no secondary response could be incuded in NMRI nude mice of uncertain health status.68 Gnotobiotic nu/nu mice recovering from Campylobacter infection were found to produce specific antibodies of the IgG class.70a An IgG response could be produced in BALB/c nudes also by mucosal stimulation with Mycoplasma pulmonis.71a
How controversy ends
Kiheung Kim in The Social Construction of Disease, 2006
IRAD was established as one of the first ARC institutes in 1937. When the scrapie research programme was set up in 1957, the institute had plenty of resources. It was one of the main ARC research institutes, with huge facilities. However, as far as scrapie was concerned, IRAD was not a specialised centre for sheep diseases. Actually, the institute was established for the purpose of studying cattle disorders and developing vaccines, e.g. Brucella abortus vaccine (Henderson 1981: 29). When William Gordon became the director in 1942, his managing style had a major influence on the whole laboratory culture of IRAD. As Henderson claimed, there was a definite change from the original concept of a field station providing animals and accommodation for the extension of others’ work, to that of developing a research institute in its own right and a centre of excellence in its own subject. Gordon dominated the fundamental character of the institute. His style encouraged self-directed and autonomous research on animal diseases, especially scrapie.
Designing an immunosensor for detection of Brucella abortus based on coloured silica nanoparticles
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Arash Shams, Bahareh Rahimian Zarif, Mojtaba Salouti, Reza Shapouri, Sako Mirzaii
Triton X-100, cyclohexane, hexanol, ammonia (25–28 wt%) were purchased from Merck (Merck, Germany). 3-[2-(2aminoethylamino) ethylamino] propyl-trimethoxysilane (APTMS), Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS), Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Fe2O3, Fe3O4, 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, Merck, USA). C.I. Reactive Blue 21 was prepared by Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz, USA). Polyclonal antibody against Brucella abortus was purchased from Biorbyt, orb10564 (Biorbyt, USA). Brucella abortus 544, Brucella melitensis 16M, Escherichia coli O:157 ATCC4 3895, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC14028, Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 ATCC700823, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC49775 and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ATCC13637 were purchased from Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Hesarak, Karaj, Iran, the water used was doubly distilled.
The antigenicity performance of divalent recombinant B. melitensis vaccines versus univalent ones
Published in Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2019
Tooba Abbassi-Daloii, Soheil Yousefi, Mojtaba Tahmoorespur, Mohammad Hadi Sekhavati
These results are in agreement with some other reports that have shown efficient immune responses against Brucella associated with high levels of Th1 cytokines and IgG2a [7,13]. Luo et al. [20] and Luo et al. [23] showed divalent genetic vaccines elicit stronger cellular immune response and better protection against Brucella abortus than univalent vaccines. Also, Tadepalli et al. [1] studied immunogenicity efficacy of rOmp19, rP39, and rOmp19 + rP39 injections. They found rOmp19 + rP39 immunized mice induced significantly higher proliferative response with considerable cytokines expression, higher IgG2a antibody titer than univalent injected groups, as well. In another study, the simultaneous injection of HSP60 and chimeric BLS-OMP25 antigen showed better immunity than univalent injections of each recombinant protein [20]. However, Abbassi-Daloii et al. [24] found that the simultaneous injection of GroEL with OMP31 and OMP25 did not improve immune responses rather than individual injections of OMP31 and OMP25.
Improved antibacterial function of Rifampicin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles on Brucella abortus
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Jalal Ghaderkhani, Rasoul Yousefimashouf, Mohammadreza Arabestani, Ghodratollah Roshanaei, Sara Soleimani Asl, Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir
Brucellosis is a systemic infection observed in two forms including acute and chronic forms that can affect any organ or tissue in the body [1]. Most chronic cases are caused by B. abortus [2]. Brucella abortus is an intracellular bacterium that mononuclear-phagocytic system plays an essential role in coping with it [3–5]. Some of these bacteria survive inside the macrophages, thus they will be protected against the immune system and antibiotics in the extracellular environment [6] resulting in chronic and disease recurrence after treatment, which has been reported in 5–30% of patients [2,5]. Rifampicin is one of the antibiotics that are commonly used to treat brucellosis, which is administered along with Gentamicin or Streptomycin or Doxycycline for 2–3 weeks [3–5].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Bacteria
- Brucella Canis
- Brucella Suis
- Brucellosis
- Endocarditis
- Pasteurization
- Spleen
- Zoonosis
- Stillbirth
- Gram-Negative Bacteria