Non-pharmacological management of asthma-related issues in athletes
John W. Dickinson, James H. Hull in Complete Guide to Respiratory Care in Athletes, 2020
Although an intermittent high-intensity warm-up may offer some protection against EIB, a caveat is that significant thermoregulatory strain and/or muscle metabolic perturbation elicited by the warm-up may compromise subsequent exercise performance. However, to avoid this problem, refractoriness can also be achieved using a specific respiratory warm-up comprising eucapnic voluntary hyperpnoea (EVH; see Chapter 5 for EVH set-up). In mild asthmatics with EIB, 10 minutes of EVH at intensities of 30–80% of maximal voluntary ventilation attenuated the fall in FEV1 after a subsequent exercise challenge. The respiratory warm-up also reduced the perception of respiratory exertion during exercise and did not compromise exercise tolerance. Therefore, athletes could use a respiratory or high-intensity intermittent exercise warm-up to lessen the severity of EIB.
Lower extremity injuries
Youlian Hong, Roger Bartlett in Routledge Handbook of Biomechanics and Human Movement Science, 2008
Certain muscles are more prone to strain injury than others. The hamstrings, for example, are particularly susceptible to muscle strain. In a study of strain injuries in Australian football, 69 per cent involved the hamstring group (Orchard, 2001). Why? The hamstring group muscles (with the exception of the short head of the biceps femoris) are biarticular. This structural arrangement results in muscle length being determined by the combined action of the knee and hip joints. Knee extension and hip flexion both act to lengthen the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris (long head). Simultaneous knee extension and hip flexion lengthen the hamstrings and contribute to the muscles’ risk of injury.
Inflammatory rheumatic disorders
Ashley W. Blom, David Warwick, Michael R. Whitehouse in Apley and Solomon’s System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 2017
The disease starts insidiously: a teenager or young adult complains of backache and stiffness recurring at intervals over a number of years. This is often diagnosed as ‘simple mechanical back pain’, but the symptoms are worse in the early morning and after inactivity. Referred pain in the buttocks and thighs may appear as ‘sciatica’ and some patients are mistakenly treated for intervertebral disc prolapse. Gradually pain and stiffness become continuous and other symptoms begin to appear: general fatigue, pain and swelling of joints, tenderness at the insertion of the Achilles tendon, ‘foot strain’, or intercostal pain and tenderness.
Dual-Task Training Effects on the Cognitive-Motor Interference in Individuals with Intellectual Disability
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2023
Rihab Borji, Thoraya Fendri, Sofien Kasmi, Emna Haddar, Rabeb Laatar, Sonia Sahli, Haithem Rebai
Isometric muscle force for the quadriceps muscle group of the dominant leg was assessed before and after the 8 weeks only under ST condition. Participants were asked to perform 3 MVC of the knee extensors lasting 5 s with a 3-min rest period between trials. Strong verbal encouragements were provided to the participants during all of these MVC. In the beginning of the testing session, participants performed many (12-15) sub-maximal isometric contractions as a warm-up phase. Participants were seated comfortably on a knee extension device (leg extension machine, PANATTA SPORT ®, Italia) with the trunk-thigh angle flexed at 90°. A strap secured the hips and thighs to minimize uncontrolled movements. The force generated during the muscle contraction was assessed by a strain gauge. A leather ankle cuff was placed around the dominant leg just proximal to the malleoli and tightly attached to a load cell (range 0–2500 N; Globus Ergometer, Globus, Codogne, Italy) properly mounted on the leg extension machine. The chain was adjusted in length so that when the participant performed knee extension, the knee remained at 90° of flexion (0° corresponds to full knee extension). The signal from the load cell was amplified using a Globus amplifier (Tesys 400, Globus, Codogne, Italy) and fed through an analog-todigital converter (12 bit) and stored on computer with a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz.
Daytime contacts and general practitioner consultations, and pain as a reason for encounter in children with cerebral palsy; a Norwegian national registry linkage study
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 2022
Selma Mujezinović Larsen, Torunn Bjerve Eide, Cathrine Brunborg, Kjersti Ramstad
Pain is more common in children with CP than in the general paediatric population as about three of four children with CP report pain when asked [9,10], in contrast to about one in five to one in six in the general paediatric population [11,12]. While headache and abdominal pain top the pain sites list in the general paediatric population [12], musculoskeletal pain is dominating in the population with CP [13–15]. Causes of musculoskeletal pain in CP are muscle overuse, immobilization, strain caused by involuntary movements, atypical compression from the imbalance of muscle activation across joints and their combinations [16]. Further, abdominal pain has a high prevalence in children with severe CP [14]. The current opinion is that the high prevalence of pain in CP reflects health care deficiencies [17,18], and that studies on pain management are needed [19] to inform initiatives which aim to decrease pain.
Management of a nonathlete with a traumatic groin strain and osteitis pubis using manual therapy and therapeutic exercise: A case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2020
Kyle Feldman, Carla Franck, Christine Schauerte
“Groin pain” and “groin strain”, are all terms used as a broad diagnosis for acute or chronic groin injuries. Without a definitive single pathoanatomical origin, this umbrella diagnosis has been applied to many individuals with pain in the groin region. Due to inconsistent nomenclature and a lack of consensus regarding the diagnosis or pathophysiology, groin pain is considered one of the most poorly explained clinical conditions in medicine (Garvey and Hazard, 2014). The most commonly proposed underlying mechanism for this condition is an imbalance of the abdominal and hip musculature and this imbalance can cause abnormal load, strain or tearing of soft tissue in the groin region, poor motor control, and pelvic instability (Garvey and Hazard, 2014; Hedgedus et al, 2013). The number of athletes presenting to a primary care physician with groin pain has been reported to be 5–18% (Anderson, Strickland, and Warren, 2001), while the percentage of nonathletes that have this same complaint is unknown.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Muscle
- Muscle Weakness
- Tendon
- Ligament
- Pain
- Chronic Condition
- Soft Tissue Injury
- Sprain
- Rice
- Signs & Symptoms