Clinical Aspects and Differential Diagnosis of Atopic Dermatitis
Donald Rudikoff, Steven R. Cohen, Noah Scheinfeld in Atopic Dermatitis and Eczematous Disorders, 2014
This phase of AD may simply be an extension of infantile eczema or a recurrence of previous infantile eczema expressed during the first 2 years of life, or it may appear spontaneously in patients who never had infantile eczema. Mournful facies reflecting chronic pruritus and lack of sleep, and/or dark pigmentation under the eyes (atopic shiners), may be early cues forecasting skin disease (Figs 3.20 and 3.21). Involvement of the cheeks (Fig 3.22) is observed less frequently than with infantile eczema. A so-called dirty neck is suggested by eczematous lesions (Fig 3.23). The childhood eruption tends to be drier than infantile eczema, characterized by papulation rather than vesiculation, exudation, and crusting. Cheilitis and perioral chapping are common, especially in winter months (Fig 3.24), and may result from habitual lip licking (lip-licker’s dermatitis) (Fig 3.24A).
Monographs of essential oils that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Anton C. de Groot in Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Four patients developed allergic contact dermatitis of the lips (allergic contact cheilitis) and the perioral skin from peppermint oil in a lip balm (16). One positive patch test reaction to peppermint oil, which was present in a cosmetic that had given a positive patch test or had been positive in a usage test, was seen in a 9-year period in a clinic in Belgium (5). One patient developed allergic cosmetic dermatitis which proved to be caused by peppermint oil in a skin care product (52). In a group of 39 patients with cosmetic allergy, where the causative allergen was identified with certainty or high probability, peppermint oil was the allergen in one case (46). One case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by a depilatory product from its ingredient peppermint oil has been reported (47).
Xeroderma Pigmentosum and Other DNA Repair-Deficient Photodermatoses
Henry W. Lim, Herbert Hönigsmann, John L. M. Hawk in Photodermatology, 2007
All tissues that are exposed to sunlight may show abnormalities in XP patients. In addition to the skin, the eye and even the tip of the tongue can be involved. The eyes can have various inflammatory lesions such as conjunctival injection and pinguecula, sunlight induced keratitis, and corneal clouding. Many patients have dry eyes. The lids can develop symblepharon, ectropion or, in extreme cases, loss of lids. The lids and conjunctiva can develop BCC and SCC. The lips often show cheilitis. The tip of the tongue can show similar changes of telangiectasias, atrophy, and even SCC. In some parts of North Africa, XP is more common and children with tumors of the tip of the tongue should be considered as having XP until proven otherwise.
Topical tacrolimus with different frequency for exfoliative cheilitis: a pilot study
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Qian-Qian Zhang, Pan Xu, Chen Sun, Li-Jun Liu, Wei-Wen Jiang
Exfoliative cheilitis (EC) is a common inflammatory disease affecting upper or lower of lip characterized by dryness, persistent repeated production and desquamation of scales, sometimes followed by cracking and bleeding. Some patients report burning, sensation, and itching (1–4). Etiology of it is still unknown, although psychiatric condition, bacterial/fungal infection, season changes, vitamin deficiency, and factitious activity may contribute to the occurrence (4–9). EC is also the oral manifestation of certain systemic diseases, such as HIV infection, somatoform autonomic dysfunction (1,10). A number of treatments have been applied in the patients with EC, including corticosteroids, glycerin borax, laser therapy, anti-fungal drugs, hyaluronidase, herbal, and anti-depressant medicine (2,4,11–13). However, there are no definitive recommendations for the management of EC.
Review of epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of common primary psychiatric causes of cutaneous disease
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2018
J. A. Krooks, A. G. Weatherall, P. J. Holland
Dermatitis artefacta (DA) is a factitious disorder (Table 9) in which patients deliberately produce skin lesions to fulfill an unconscious desire to assume the sick role. Patients deny inflicting the lesions and present a history that is inconsistent with physical exam findings. The lesions are typically multiple and have a bizarre morphology. They recur in areas of skin unmasked by clothing or make-up (112–114). The specific presentation depends on the instrument used to inflict the lesion. Ulcers are the most commonly reported lesion; however, blisters, panniculitis, factitious cheilitis, eczema, edema, purpura, and bruises are also observed (115). Pain (59%) and itching (37%) are the most common complaints. The most common explanations for the lesions include unknown (49%); trauma (18%); and allergy (16%) (114). The patient’s demeanor is typically relaxed and indifferent. Further history is likely to reveal numerous physician consultations and medications (10).
Oral isotretinoin for acne: a complete overview
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2022
Alessia Villani, Francesca Nastro, Francesca Di Vico, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Maria Carmela Annunziata, Lucia Genco
Dryness and desquamation of the skin and mucous membranes are common side effects: above all, cheilitis (90–100% of individuals) is the most common mucocutaneous adverse event [53]. They develop as a result of a pharmacologically induced sebum-suppressive effect [54], thickness of stratum corneum and alteration of cutaneous barrier [55,56], which cause xerotic and desquamative alterations; these adverse events mainly involve sites with a high concentration of sebaceous glands such as face, chest, and back. They are reversible, dose-dependent, predictable, and manageable. The absence of these reactions raises the possibility of underdosing [57]. On the contrary, when patients are given a dose that is too high for them, they may experience dryness of nose and eyes. Another uncommon reaction that can occur when the dose of isotretinoin is too high is acne fulminans [58]. Other severe skin reactions (e.g. Stevens–Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, and toxic epidermal necrolysis) have only been observed in few occasions [59].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Inflammation
- Mouth
- Mucous Membrane
- Allergy
- Lip
- Vermilion Border
- Acute
- Chronic Condition
- Patch Test
- Skin Fissure