Special Senses
Pritam S. Sahota, James A. Popp, Jerry F. Hardisty, Chirukandath Gopinath, Page R. Bouchard in Toxicologic Pathology, 2018
Corneal deposits often consist of mineral. Some deposits are a feature of corneal dystrophy, but others may be due to other causes (Peiffer et al. 1994; Taradach et al. 1981). Corneal dystrophy is a spontaneous, noninflammatory, bilateral corneal change that occurs in several laboratory animals (Moore et al. 1987; Port and Dodd 1983; Shibuya et al. 2001). Microscopically, the finding consists of mineralized deposits along the corneal epithelial basement membrane (Bruner et al. 1992; Carlton and Render 1991a; Hoffman et al. 1983; Losco and Troup 1988). A high spontaneous incidence of corneal mineralization has been reported in Wistar Hannover rats, being greater in males compared to females, with a hypothesis proposed that in response to mineralization, keratocytes become active to play an important role in responding to the mineralized substance (Hashimoto et al. 2013). Mineralized deposits in the cornea adjacent to the palpebral fissure are referred to clinically as band keratopathy.
How to master MCQs
Chung Nen Chua, Li Wern Voon, Siddhartha Goel in Ophthalmology Fact Fixer, 2017
Serum ACE concentration is often elevated in active sarcoidosis and its concentration reflects the activity of the disease. Pulmonary fibrosis is a complication giving a restrictive pattern on pulmonary function test. Skin anergy is common and the Mantoux test may be negative in those with previous BCG vaccination. Band keratopathy usually results from hypercalcaemia. The presence of retinal periphlebitis increases the risk of neurosarcoidosis.
The parathyroid glands
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie in Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
PHPT may present with pancreatitis, although it is rarely seen in patients with milder forms of the disease. Common epidemiologically linked disorders, such as hypertension and peptic ulcer disease, are often encountered. Clinical examination is usually normal. Band keratopathy, pathognomonic of the disease and due to deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in the cornea, is now rarely identified.
Effect of the Presence of Silicone Oil in the Anterior Chamber After Complicated Retinal Detachment Surgery on Corneal Morphology by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy
Published in Current Eye Research, 2023
Murat Kasikci, Sabahattin Sul, Huseyin Cem Simsek, Aylin Karalezli, Merve Simsek, Safak Korkmaz
We observed that endothelial cell density decreased as the size of hyperreflective stromal deposits increased. This might be an indication of silicone oil toxicity in the cornea, and its existence suggests the development of SK. Similar hyperreflective deposits were detected in the corneal stroma, particularly in the posterior stroma, in a report including 8 patients with silicone oil in the anterior chamber.21 Previous histological studies have suggested that deposits in the corneal stroma may be related to calcium deposits in the eyes with band keratopathy produced by silicone oil tamponade, with a metabolic problem in the endothelium and stroma as a probable reason.11 Nevertheless, as demonstrated in our research, the exact nature of the deposits has not been fully explained, as many of them have been detected in the transparent cornea using IVLSCM. Moreover, the link between the development of stromal deposits and corneal endothelial cell lesions is unknown and requires further studies.
Ocular Involvement in Muckle-Wells Syndrome
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2020
Sukru Cekic, Ozgur Yalcinbayir, Sara Sebnem Kilic
Mean BCVA was 0.48 ± 0.81 logMAR units in this study (range: 0.0 to 3.0). Examination of ocular motility and alignment of cases were completely normal except for the index patient who had bilateral acquired pendular nystagmus and quite low vision. Anterior segment biomicroscopy showed that band keratopathy was present in four eyes of the two patients; namely in the index patient and the patient who had cataract removal. Corneal leukoma due to corneal scarring was present in both eyes of another patient who was a 42-years-old female (patient H in Tables 1 and 2). In this patient, corneal topography demonstrated central flattening as well as surrounding steepening (Figure 2). Posterior stromal corneal opacification with edema and accompanying anterior iris snychecia was present in one eye of the index patient (Figure 3). Mild cataract was present in the other eye of the index patient that had received dexamethasone implant for uveitis. Clinical signs consistent with past uveitis (e.g. pigment on the anterior lens capsule, hyalinized keratic precipitates) were present in four eyes of three individuals. (Table 2).
Patterns of Uveitis in Egypt
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2021
Ahmed Abdelwareth Mohammed, Mahmoud Mohammed Soliman, Amr Abdellatif Osman, Radwa Taher El-Zanaty
The leading complications observed in our study were cataract, ocular hypertension, Epiretinal membranes, and glaucoma. Our observations are consistent with previous reports showing that cataract, ocular hypertension, Epiretinal membranes, and glaucoma were the most frequent complications.6,38In our study, band keratopathy was more common in patients who were 18 years of age or younger with a major contribution to JIA. Occurrence of macular holes in 13 eyes is relatively higher than the prevalence in other studies that reported complications of uveitis.6,38,48In our current study, macular holes were reported in 7.3% of eyes with Behcet disease which is the highest reported prevalence in the literature (to the limit of our search). Until February 2013, only 35 eyes with macular holes secondary to Behcet disease were reported in the literature. Al-Dhibi and colleagues reported a 7% prevalence of macular holes among patients with Behcet disease in a retrospective study (21 eyes of 17 patients out of 159 patients with Behcet disease included in this study).49,50 Parasitic AC granuloma was the most common cause of corneal opacity in our study (9 eyes out of 14 eyes that had corneal opacity).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Calcium
- Cornea
- Hypercalcaemia
- Phthisis Bulbi
- Sarcoidosis
- Uveitis
- Visual Acuity
- Pain
- Interstitial Keratitis
- Vitamin D Toxicity