Treating Progressive Myopia
John William Yee in The Neurological Treatment for Nearsightedness and Related Vision Problems, 2019
Asthenopia, or eye strain, was thought to be prevalent among those with hyperopia (or farsightedness). The symptoms are fatigue, headaches, and blurred vision when performing work in the near range for an extending period. The crystalline lens’ inability to take on the proper bulged shape when attempting to bring a near image into focus contributes to the discomfort. Asthenopia is not usually associated with nearsightedness even though the myopia tends to make an effort to bring something far away into focus. The contention is that if the myopic eye cannot make out a blur image, it would eventually give up. The hyperopic eye, on the other hand, would continue trying to bring it into focus.
Rehabilitation and management of visual dysfunction following traumatic brain injury
Mark J. Ashley, David A. Hovda in Traumatic Brain Injury, 2017
In the case of inadequate ability to sustain fixation, the first step is to rule out refractive, binocular, accommodative, or other ocular–motor dysfunctions that may lead to asthenopia (i.e., eyestrain and/or headache) or discomfort. Such dysfunctions may make extended viewing aversive. They are also remediable, and a primary attention or fixation mechanism dysfunction might not be.
A Study on the Treatment of Convergence Insufficiency
Jan-Tjeerd de Faber in 28th European Strabismological Association Meeting, 2020
Convergence insufficiency (CI) is one of the most common causes of ocular discomfort and is in fact the most common cause of asthenopia (Leeuwen et al 1999). It is also one of the most successful applications in the art of orthoptics. Orthoptic exercises are usually the first choice of treatment and are reported to relieve symptoms in the majority of treated patients (Wicks 1994).
Ocular Findings in Children with Headache
Published in Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 2023
Lisa Y. Lin, Wei Pan, Gui-Shuang Ying, Gil Binenbaum
The most common finding in our cohort was a refractive issue, identified in 18.2% of children with headache in a tertiary pediatric ophthalmology clinic. Prior studies have reported associations between refractive errors and headaches.15–18 Asthenopia, which may be characterized by chronic headache and eye fatigue, can be caused by uncorrected refractive errors or impairment of convergence.19 In our study, among children who had a full cycloplegic refraction, 6.9% had a significant change in spherical equivalent refractive error, 12.9% had an astigmatic change ≥1D, and 8.0% had an anisometropic change ≥1 D. Two children had either their astigmatic axes or amounts switched between the eyes. Thus, even in children with a recent refraction, if there is a new onset of headache, it is important to consider refractive issues as a potential cause. Further, children may be more likely than adults to describe symptoms of asthenopia as a headache, as they may not have the words to report eye strain, and as with other diseases in children, it is important to think more broadly as to what a child means when they report head pain. Convergence insufficiency can cause difficulty with prolonged reading and near work, which can contribute to headaches particularly in school-aged children. We found that children complaining of headache with reading or at the end of the day were more likely to have strabismus on exam (p = .02), 4.4% of children were diagnosed with new or worsening strabismus when they presented with headache, and 25.3% of those with new strabismus had convergence insufficiency.
Central Mini-plication of the Medial Rectus for Convergence Insufficiency
Published in Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility, 2020
Pilar Merino, Ilshat Mustafín, Pilar Gómez De Liaño, Carlos Cólliga
Convergence insufficiency is a frequent binocular disorder characterized by exophoria or exotropia at near vision, with less or no deviation at distance vision, and a decrease in fusional convergence amplitude. It is associated with symptoms such as asthenopia, headache, double vision, and inability to read.1,2 The incidence of convergence insufficiency in adulthood peaks in the eighth decade of life and is generally not associated with neurological disorders.3 Several surgical and nonsurgical methods are available for treatment. Surgery may be necessary in cases where convergence exercises fail to improve symptoms, in cases where patients reject the exercises, and in cases associated with a deviation >10 pd in near vision with orthophoria or exotropia in distance vision.3–6 Central plication of the rectus muscle was described by Leenheer and Wright for the treatment of small-angle strabismus. Outcomes were good for divergence insufficiency and in horizontal and vertical small-angle strabismus.7,8
NGF and iNOS Changes in Tears from Video Display Terminal Workers
Published in Current Eye Research, 2018
Magdalena Cortes, Graziana Esposito, Roberto Sacco, Véronique Bernadette Gillet, Andrea Ianni, Alessandra Micera
Herein, the changes in NGF and iNOS levels in VDT-workers’ tears were investigated and correlated with ocular clinical signs and symptoms referred by VDT workers. By using the OSDI questionnaire, we observed that more than half of VDT user population suffered of dry-eye symptoms. This finding is consistent with previous observations reported by others.22 In our population, men showed the lowest frequency of dry eye, and women had more severe symptoms. This result is consistent with the observation that dry eye is more frequent in women.23 The analysis of analog scale pointed at the observation that only dryness was significantly higher in women, the other symptoms were similar in both genders. This significant difference is in line with OSDI results, as females showed the higher frequency and intensity of symptoms. The most bothering symptom in our study population was asthenopia. It is important to clarify that all the patients were perfectly corrected for visual acuity defects, as they pass regular mandatory ophthalmic checks. At least in our population, asthenopia was not caused by uncorrected or badly corrected refractive defects.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Blurred Vision
- Ciliary Muscle
- Diplopia
- Eye
- Headache
- Signs & Symptoms
- Dry Eye Syndrome
- Healthy Diet
- Computer Vision Syndrome
- Eye Examination