Benign and malignant ovarian masses
David M. Luesley, Mark D. Kilby in Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2016
A pelvic ultrasound, preferably transvaginal, will reveal the dimensions and morphology of the mass and is the single most important investigation in predicting whether an ovarian mass is benign or malignant. Most ovarian masses are cystic, but the presence of solid areas makes a tumour most likely and a malignancy possible. However, some benign tumours are solid, for example thecoma, fibroma and Brenner tumours. Thickened walls and septae are other features of malignancy. The results of colour Doppler imaging have been disappointing, and this technique has not proven superior to morphological assessment.
DRCOG MCQs for Circuit C Questions
Una F. Coales in DRCOG: Practice MCQs and OSCEs: How to Pass First Time three Complete MCQ Practice Exams (180 MCQs) Three Complete OSCE Practice Papers (60 Questions) Detailed Answers and Tips, 2020
Ovarian tumours that secrete oestrogen include:Arrhenoblastoma.Dysgerminoma.Teratoma.Granulosa cell tumour.Thecoma.
Endometrial malignant lesions
T. Yee Khong, Annie N. Y. Cheung, Wenxin Zheng, Richard Wing-Cheuk Wong, Hao Chen in Diagnostic Endometrial Pathology, 2019
Endogenous estrogenic stimulation of the endometrium may also occur in association with chronic anovulation in disorders such as polycystic ovary disease and estrogen-secreting ovarian tumors such as granulosa cell tumor and thecoma. Women with these tumors are at increased risk of developing endometrial carcinoma.
Luteinized thecoma (thecomatosis) with sclerosing peritonitis: a systematic review of the literature of the last 25 years
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2021
Leonardo Muratori, Elena Trevisi, Marco Donatello Delcuratolo, Paola Sperone, Massimo Di Maio
Thecomas are rare neoplasms that represent between 1 and 2% of all ovarian tumors, according to different statistics [1,2]. These neoplasms arise from granulosa and theca cells and they can produce estrogens or, less often, androgens. Although this neoplasm can present as a very large abdominal mass, in most cases the oncological behavior is benign (less than 5% are malignant). Luteinized thecomas are a histological subtype, characterized by the presence of hormone-secreting cells similar to lutein cells and without crystalloids of Reinke, about 50% of cases with estrogenic expression and about 10% with androgenic expression [3]. Luteinized thecoma (thecomatosis) with sclerosing peritonitis (LTSP) is a very uncommon entity, representing an extremely rare subset of ovarian thecomas, with very few cases described in literature. This condition is characterized by the presence of a luteinized thecoma associated with an abnormal proliferation of fibroblasts in the peritoneum that results in an apparently irreversible fibrotic process, which incarcerates and strangles the abdominal organs. The natural history of the disease leads inexorably to bowel obstruction with fatal consequences. Today, knowledge and the expertise about this condition are very limited, because of its extreme rarity and the consequent small amount of publications and studies. Therefore, we realized a systematic review of literature, with the aim of collecting the data contained in the few articles available and take stock of current knowledge about LTSP and its possible strategies of management.
Ovarian Leydig cell tumour diagnosis in a postmenopausal woman with uterine bleeding: a case report and literature review
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Asuka Higuchi, Shunichiro Tsuji, Tsukuru Amano, Kyoko Kasahara, Fuminori Kimura, Takashi Murakami
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 30-mm solid mass, low to medium intensity on a T2-weighted image, and low intensity on a T1-weighted image, in the right ovary. Radiological findings suggested hormone-producing tumours, such as fibroma or thecoma. Laboratory tests revealed marked increase in haemoglobin (Hb, 19.9 g/dL, normal range 11.6−14.8 g/dL), serum oestrogen (57.0 pg/mL, normal range approximately 42 pg/mL), and testosterone (5.8 ng/dL, normal range 0.11−0.47 ng/dL) levels. Erythropoietin levels were normal (10.1 mIU/mL, normal range 4.2−23.7 mIU/ml), and genetic screening for the JAK mutation was negative.
Adolescent ovarian thecoma presenting as progressive hyperandrogenism: case report and review of the literature
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2020
Laura Gaspari, Françoise Paris, Patrice Taourel, Marie-Odile Soyer-Gobillard, Nicolas Kalfa, Charles Sultan
In conclusion, management of adolescent hirsutism/HA, which is frequent, remains a challenge. Its persistence some years after menarche should be investigated (basal plasma T, pelvic US). Although, ovarian thecoma is a rare neoplasm in adolescent, it should be included in the differential diagnosis. Even in absence of evidence for a direct impact of fetal environmental contamination by pesticides, the question of the possible association between ovarian tumors and prenatal exposure to endocrine disruptor chemicals may be discussed.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Cytoplasm
- Endometrial Cancer
- Estrogen
- Ovarian Cancer
- Menopause
- Lipid
- Malignancy
- Theca of Follicle
- Sex Cord–Gonadal Stromal Tumour
- Abnormal Uterine Bleeding