Therapeutic effectiveness
Dinesh Kumar Jain in Homeopathy, 2022
Carcinomas are malignant tumors and obviously are of clinical importance because of the extensive mortality and morbidity they produce. Most cancers are treated by surgery. Radiotherapy and drug therapy are also part of cancer therapy. It is the general concept of the public that if a person is suffering from cancer, he will die or require extensive surgical or nonsurgical treatment. Nobody thinks that cancer may resolve spontaneously but medical reports say that cancer may resolve spontaneously.Certainly there is an interplay of tumor-host relationship so that all factors combine to determine the ultimate biological behaviour of the neoplasm. Benign tumors not only grow slowly but also at times reach a point where they seem to become dormant or even to regress. This is true e.g. with leiomyomas of the uterus, which often cease growing after the menopause occasionally even malignant tumors enter a stage of dormancy and in rare but well documented instances, they may regress spontaneously.(Meissner & Warren, 1971, p. 551)
Benign Adnexal Masses and Adnexal Torsion
Juan Luis Alcázar, María Ángela Pascual, Stefano Guerriero in Ultrasound of Pelvic Pain in the Non-Pregnant Female, 2019
Adnexal masses are relatively common in women. Most of these tumors are benign.1 Histologically, the ovary may be the origin of many different types of benign tumors and there are tumors arising from the fallopian tube (Table 1.1). Most benign tumors remain asymptomatic but some of them may cause symptoms, such as pelvic/abdominal pain, menstrual disorders, or symptoms related to space-occupying lesions. In fact, adnexal torsion is most frequent in benign tumors than in ovarian cancer.2 Transvaginal ultrasound has been shown as the best imaging technique for assessing adnexal masses,3 especially when performed by an expert examiner.4 In this chapter, we will review the ability of transvaginal ultrasound for discriminating between the most common types of benign lesions arising from de ovary and tube, as well as current management options. We will also address the role of ultrasound in diagnosing and managing adnexal torsion.
Tumor Growth
John Melford in Pocket Guide to Cancer, 2017
A colony of growing abnormal cells is called a tumor or a neoplasm. Not all tumors are cancerous. When a tumor acquires the ability to invade surrounding tissues it becomes a cancer, and takes on a new menace. Tumors that breach their site of origin and invade surrounding tissue or spread to other areas, as shown in Figure 4.4, are malignant. Those that do not, such as adenomas, polyps, papillomas, and warts are benign. Benign tumors may cause problems if they grow and press on nerves or blood vessels. A benign tumor in the brain may be life threatening if it remains untreated. In contrast, a malignant tumor that does not spread to other sites may not be as dangerous. Benign tumors may progress to become malignant. To do so they need to acquire new mutations to overcome barriers holding them back. Benign tumors may be hyperplastic or metaplastic. Hyperplastic tissues appear normal except for an excessive number of cells, whereas metaplastic tissues are not normal for the type of tissue.
Profile of Non-Hematological Pediatric Tumors: A Clinicopathological Study at a Tertiary Health Care Centre
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2018
Kashmi Sharma, Mehar Aziz, Nishat Afroz, Aaliya Ehsan
Pediatric tumors show a varied spectrum and differs greatly from that in adults. Classification of tumors in children are more often based on morphology, unlike the adult tumors which are classified on site of origin (1). The International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC) is the standard for representation of data on childhood cancer incidence and survival. Benign tumors are more common than malignant tumors. Most benign tumors do not cause serious problems but sometimes they can be a cause of concern owing to their location or rapid increase in size (2). There exists a wide variation in incidence, site of origin and histologic subtypes of childhood tumors with geographic location, owing to environmental and genetic influences (3). The lack of committed registry for maintenance of pediatric tumors in developing world, and paucity of studies on the same has lead to unavailability of data on histologic spectrum of childhood tumors in general, and benign tumors in particular.
Bone tumors effective therapy through functionalized hydrogels: current developments and future expectations
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Ruyi Shao, Yeben Wang, Laifeng Li, Yongqiang Dong, Jiayi Zhao, Wenqing Liang
Bone cancer is a type of tumor that develops in the bone and kills normal bone tissues. It might be benign or cancerous. The tumor grows and compresses the normal bone tissues in both cases, however benign tumors lack the ability to metastasize and therefore do not spread to other organs of the body. Benign bone tumors can progress to malignancy and pose a risk if remain untreated. Benign bone tumors include osteochondroma, osteoma, osteoblastoma, fibrous dysplasia, and enchondroma (Hakim et al., 2015). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), bone cancers are classified as primary or secondary tumors (Sisu et al., 2012) and categorized over 45 distinct forms of bone tumors in 2002 based on their findings. Among the many kinds of bone tumors, Osteosarcoma is the most common and major type of bone tumor, accounting for 31.5% of all cases, followed by angiosarcoma (1.4%), malignant fibrous histitocytoma (5.7%), chondroma (8.4%), Ewing’s sarcoma (16%), and chondrosarcoma (25.8%) (Sisu et al., 2012; Jemal et al., 2005). Secondary bone tumors are usually malignant and develop as a result of soft tissue metastasizing tumors in the breast, liver, or lung. As per the American Cancer Society, the number of joint and bone cancer diagnoses and deaths rises each year (Miller et al., 2019).
A giant left atrial myxoma causing mitral valve pseudostenosis – a mimicker
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2021
Basel Abdelazeem, Hafiz Khan, Hameem Changezi, Ahmad Munir
CM is a rare condition with an incidence of 0.5 per one million annually [1]. Although it is a benign tumor, it can result in potentially life-threatening conditions. A detailed history and physical examination are crucial for early diagnosis. Cardiovascular symptoms, including chest pain, syncope, dyspnea, and angina, are the most common features in around 67% of the patients, out of which 28% can present with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) [4]. Constitutional symptoms, including fever, malaise, arthralgia, and myalgia, are the second most common presentation in around 34%, while the embolic symptoms constitute up to 29% of the patients. Left-sided CM embolizes systemically to cerebral circulation (most common site, up to 30–40% of the patients), kidneys, and lower extremities, while the right-sided CM embolization occurs to pulmonary circulation [5,6]. In an asymptomatic patient, CM can be an incidental finding on imaging.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Cell Growth
- Epithelium
- Metastasis
- Neoplasm
- Cellular Differentiation
- Connective Tissue
- Melanocytic Nevus
- Cancer
- Cell
- Invasion