Occupational Asthma
Jonathan A. Bernstein, Mark L. Levy in Clinical Asthma, 2014
Material safety data sheets (MSDSs) are an essential component of the occupational history.43 They provide invaluable information regarding generic chemical names and specific constituents of raw materials being used in the workplace. They also provide standard information about threshold limit values (TLV) and permissible exposure levels (PEL) of potentially toxic and/or sensitizing agents.43 When available, assistance from industrial hygienists or safety officers familiar with the workplace and the worker’s exposure history should be sought. On occasion, these documents have proprietary agents not specifically listed that could cause OA. Therefore, it may be necessary for the clinician to contact the company to obtain additional exposure information.43
Occupational Medicine for the Pain Practitioner
Mark V. Boswell, B. Eliot Cole in Weiner's Pain Management, 2005
Some patients with pain have known exposures to industrial chemicals, pesticides, or radiation. Some of these occur at work, and some occur at leisure. Some low-level toxicants have a cumulative effect. The workplace woodshop may be no more toxic than the beauty and fingernail shop. Some chemicals may contribute to pain, fatigue, and chemical sensitivities. The practitioner can obtain the material safety data sheet for any potentially toxic substance used in the workplace. Many companies are required to keep these sheets on file. The information can also be found online at www.ilpi.com/msds. The American Association of Poison Control Centers is a national organization that can also help provide information.
Consumer Views on Health Issues Arising from Food Products
Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Santosh K. Mishra in Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants in Food Design, 2022
Toxicological studies on human and animal volunteers for short-term and long-term exposure can aid to arrive at Dose-Response Data, which can help to extrapolate the minimum and maximum tolerable exposures. Processing of Pharmacodynamic data from these studies also aid to arrive at the mechanism of action by which such chemical exposures can affect our body [30]. Preparation and reference of detailed “Material Safety Data Sheets” can help in easy identification of health hazards. Some common chemical hazards identified with food are indicated in Table 6.1.
Application of Pythagorean fuzzy AHP and VIKOR methods in occupational health and safety risk assessment: the case of a gun and rifle barrel external surface oxidation and colouring unit
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2020
The corrective–preventive actions suggested for H16 involve the flammable and explosive environments measurements. In particular, by identifying flammable and flammable environments, the spark sources in these regions should be protected. Illumination equipment should be held in an explosion-proof environment. Natural gas centres should be marked with signs. The explosion protection document will be reviewed. For H20, employees should urgently be required to obtain a vocational training certificate by interviewing relevant educational institutions. For the third and fourth most serious hazards, H17 and H13, the following measures should be taken into consideration. All chemicals used in the operation should be listed in sections. An update of missing material safety data sheets (MSDS) should be provided. Then, MSDS should be supplied for all chemical intake and should be filed in the infirmary and in places where employees can access them. In particular, the storage of the chemicals should be carried out from one centre. A new and appropriate chemical storage zone should be established. During work, appropriate ear protection supplies and utilization should be ensured by evaluating the results of environmental measurements made to detect noise levels of work equipment. Employees should be trained on usage of personal protective equipment.
β-Phenylethylamine and various monomethylated and para-halogenated analogs. Acute toxicity studies in mice
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2020
Aron D. Mosnaim, Marion E. Wolf, James J. III. O’Donnell, Thomas Hudzik
Studied p-mHPEAs and mMPEAs are used as intermediaries in the synthesis of various organic compounds (Kloos et al. 2012, pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov2018) and classified, but not regulated, by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA; osha.gov), an agency of the United States Department of Labor (uol.gov), under at least one cautionary toxicity label e.g., GHS05, GHS06. These compounds can be purchased from multiple sources which are mostly unregulated, shadow companies domiciled mostly in South East Asia; in this case is recommended that before use their purity and further, even their actual identity should be verified (erowid.org/experiences2018). Reputable suppliers are few and include Sigma-Aldrich Co (WI) and Cayman Chemicals Co (MI) (sigmaaldrich.com, caymanchemical.com 2018). They provide a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) with known toxicity information available, mostly from the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemicals Substances (RTECS) compiled by The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), which is part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (hhs.gov) (MSDS, RTECS 2018)
Quality assurance for nanomaterial inhalation toxicity testing
Published in Inhalation Toxicology, 2021
Sung Kwon Lee, Mi Seong Jo, Hoi Pin Kim, Jong Choon Kim, Il Je Yu
Physicochemical characterization of test nanomaterials should be done in the context of test article characterization as described in the OECD Principles of on GLP (OECD 1997) and OECD TG 412 and 413. Prior to the start of the study, there should be a characterization of the test chemical or nanomaterial, including its purity and, if technically feasible, the identity and quantities of identified contaminants and impurities. When compared with conventional chemical inhalation testing, the new QA considerations for the revised inhalation toxicity testing essentially focus on prior identification of the physicochemical properties of the test nanomaterial, the particle characterization methods, and the selection and monitoring of the aerosol generator. The particular physicochemical properties of nanomaterials related to toxicity testing are already detailed in ISO/TR 13014 (2012) and include the particle size, size distribution, aggregation/agglomeration, surface characteristics, crystalline structure, electrical properties, dustiness, composition, and purity (Supplement 3). This information needs to be obtained from the manufacturer before any aerosol generation for inhalation toxicity testing. The manufacturer is responsible for providing a CoA (Certification of Analysis) for the test nanomaterial that includes its physicochemical properties (as extensive as possible). The manufacturer must also include this same information in the MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet). For QA, this information should be reviewed before any aerosol generation.
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