Autism Spectrum Disorder
Ivanka V. Asenova in Brain Lateralization and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Strict selection of studied samples of autistic children and established clear evidences for the existance of specific deviations in all examined modalities of cerebral laterality except footedness, that is handedness, eardness and eyedness, substantiate the conclusion that the disturbed lateralization of cerebral functions with an insufficient, incomplete or absent hemispheric dominance is typical for the language-impaired subgroup of ASD, and could be relevant to the presence and persistence of a part of its typical cognitive and behavioral deficits. Moreover, it seems more likely that atypical pattern of cerebral laterality is linked with the comorbid-specific language disorder rather than with the autism itself – an idea shared by other researchers [12, 27, 28, 29, 30, 36, 70].
Functional Image-Guided Neurosurgery
Andrei I. Holodny in Functional Neuroimaging, 2019
Hemispheric language dominance is related to both the side and degree of handedness. Left hemispheric language dominance is often considered the general rule for both right- and left-handed patients, but atypical dominance (right- or bi-hemispheric) has been reported in 4% of strongly right-handed, 15% of ambidextrous, and 27% of strongly left-handed normal individuals by transcranial doppler ultrasound (27). Patients with longstanding tumor or epilepsy may have a higher incidence of atypical dominance presumably as a result of development or remodeling (28). A recent study of epileptic patients by IAT found atypical dominance in 9%, 46% and 69% of strongly right-handed, ambidextrous, and strongly lefthanded individuals, respectively (29). Variability in the reported incidence of atypical dominance is attributable in part to the variety of techniques used to investigate laterality (26). From a practical standpoint, preoperative determination of laterality is most important for planning frontal resections when symptoms suggest atypical dominance. For example, a left-sided lesion in Broca’s area presenting without speech disturbance suggests possible right-hemispheric dominance, which would reduce the risk of surgery. Similarly, a right-handed patient presenting with dysphasia and a right frontal lesion would also suggest right dominance. In both cases, awake craniotomy and ECS mapping should be considered regardless of laterality results. In our institution, awake mapping is standard for patients with language dysfunction or for left-sided lesions in locations close to functional language or motor cortex.
Robotic Systems for Augmentative Manipulation to Promote Cognitive Development, Play, and Education
Pedro Encarnação, Albert M. Cook in Robotic Assistive Technologies, 2017
Laterality: In this task, children were presented with the robot facing forward, but located midway between two towers of blocks placed at the right and left sides. In addition, children now had three switches instead of one as in the previous tasks. Children were asked to select a tower to knock over; thus, they needed to select the correct switch to make the robot turn and face the chosen tower.
Laterality in functional and metabolic state of the bulbectomised rat brain detected by ASL and 1H MRS: A pilot study
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2023
Iveta Pavlova, Eva Drazanova, Lucie Kratka, Petra Amchova, Ondrej Macicek, Jana Starcukova, Zenon Starcuk, Jana Ruda-Kucerova
A general brain metabolic state, its detection, and quantification may give us helpful insight into the disorder. A proper brain metabolic state association may be cerebral perfusion and profile of brain metabolites. An appropriate method for examining these cerebral parameters is NMR, a technique well suited for in vivo measurement. Therefore, we used the two NMR techniques to assess brain metabolic state in the olfactory-bulbectomised (OBX) rat model of depressive-like phenotype (Harkin et al. 2003; Song and Leonard 2005): arterial spin labelling (ASL) detecting blood-brain perfusion (Damadian 2013) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) providing information on brain metabolite concentration (glutamine (Gln), glutamate (Glu), their composite (Glx = Gln + Glu), myoinositol (mI), taurine (Tau), N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) and phosphocreatine (PCr) summed as total creatine (tCr), choline (Cho), etc.) (Graaf 2019). These approaches indirectly evaluate the metabolic state of the brain tissue and may shed more light on complex dysregulations induced by the OBX lesion. Furthermore, we focussed on brain laterality, a somewhat neglected issue in clinical and preclinical research. However, it is essential to respect the bilateral structures so that their function can be better understood (Pfefferbaum et al. 2010; Jordan 2020).
Handedness as a neurodevelopmental marker in schizophrenia: Results from the FACE-SZ cohort
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2022
Jasmina Mallet, Ophélia Godin, Yann Le Strat, Nicolas Mazer, Fabrice Berna, Laurent Boyer, Delphine Capdevielle, Julie Clauss, Isabelle Chéreau, Thierry D’Amato, Julien Dubreucq, Sylvain Leigner, Pierre-Michel Llorca, David Misdrahi, Christine Passerieux, Romain Rey, Baptiste Pignon, Mathieu Urbach, Franck Schürhoff, Guillaume Fond, Caroline Dubertret
Laterality was evaluated by a certified neuropsychologist with the Edinburgh Laterality Inventory (EHI) (Oldfield 1971). This valid and reliable scale gives scores from −100 (left-handed) to +100 (right-handed). EHI laterality quotient score above +70 defines ‘right-handedness’ (RH), while a score under 70 are ‘left-or mixed-handed’, that is, non-right handedness (NRH); and a score between −70 and +70 defines ‘mixed-handedness’ (Dragovic et al. 2005; Deep-Soboslay et al. 2010). Participants were asked by the examiner to sit with their hands on their thighs and to demonstrate their performance of writing, drawing a picture, throwing a ball, using scissors, brushing their teeth, cutting with a knife, eating with a spoon, striking a match, sweeping with a broom, opening a box, kicking a ball and using a camera or telescope; using the words ‘show me how you’, without the use of visual cues or prompts.
Nomograms for Individualized Evaluation of Prognosis in Adrenocortical Carcinomas for the Elderly: A Population-Based Analysis
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
Weixi Wang, Guilin Chang, Yan Sun, Ran Zhuo, Huiting Li, Yu Hu, Cong Ye
Similar to previous studies, our present research demonstrated a predominance of female and Caucasian patients among those with ACC [6, 13–15]. The proportion of ACC on the left side is higher than that on the right side, and this peculiar laterality difference has also been found in previous studies [13, 16–18]. However, the exact mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain unclear [3]. Furthermore, most of the ACCs were at high histological grade and advanced ENSAT stage. One possible explanation is that limited by the relatively low specificity of current diagnostic tools, ACCs at a lower histologic grade and earlier ENSAT stage might initially be mistakenly classified as benign tumors, and ACC was only diagnosed when the tumors developed to a higher grade and advanced stage [19, 20].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Cerebral Hemisphere
- Eye
- Hand
- Handedness
- Brain
- Body
- Eye
- Foot
- Ear
- Lateralization of Brain Function
- Ambidexterity