Pleasurable emotional response to music: A case of neurodegenerative generalized auditory agnosia
Howard J. Rosen, Robert W. Levenson in Neurocase, 2020
JS underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation in 2001. General intellectual function was assessed at each subsequent visit using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE; Folstein et al., 1975) with variable modifications for advancing multi-modal sensory deficits. Assessment of visuospatial ability included a modified version of the Rey–Osterrieth figure copying task with an associated measure of nonverbal episodic memory assessed by measuring free recall ability for this figure after a delay of 10 min. Verbal memory was assessed using the California Verbal Learning Test-Mental Status version (CVLT-MS) (Delis et al., 2000). Language testing included confrontational naming with the 15-item Boston Naming Test. Executive function was tested with digit span backward, a modified version of the Trailmaking task, the Stroop test, and the Design Fluency subtest of the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function Scales (Delis et al., 2001). Verbal fluency was assessed with both category and phonemic cues. Further testing included abstract reasoning with three proverbs and three tests of similarity, and five calculations. Results are presented in Table 1. However, to summarize them, JS demonstrated executive dysfunction, with multiple intrusions on verbal memory testing as well as errors and rule violations on fluency measures. Initial MMSE score was 25/29; repeat MMSE was undertaken in coordination with the language and psychoacoustic evaluation described below. On that occasion, a total score of 29/30 was obtained, with a single point deducted for incorrect phrase repetition. The improvement was deemed referable to the modifications of the instructions and written format of presentation of the material to accommodate the progressive decline in auditory and visual processing.
Plasma and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and their association with neurocognition in at-risk mental state, first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2019
Ulrike Heitz, Martina Papmeyer, Erich Studerus, Laura Egloff, Sarah Ittig, Christina Andreou, Tobias Vogel, Stefan Borgwardt, Marc Graf, Anne Eckert, Anita Riecher-Rössler
The following measures were used to cover the cognitive domains of interest:Verbal and non-verbal intelligence: Mehrfachwahl-Wortschatz Test (MWT-A; Lehrl 1977) and Leistungsprüfsystem, scale 3 (LPS-3; Horn 1983), respectively.Verbal learning and memory: California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT; Delis et al. 1987).Working memory: two-back test of the Test of Attentional Performance (TAP; Zimmermann and Fimm 2002).Executive functioning: computerised version of the Tower of Hanoi (ToH; Gedika and Schöttke 2001) and Go/No-Go task of the TAP (Zimmermann and Fimm 2002).Sustained attention: computerised version of the Continuous Performance Test (CPT-OX; Rosvold et al. 1956).
Neurocognitive profile of adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2022
Nora S. Vyas, Lisa Burke, Siobhan Netherwood, Paul Caviston, Mima Simic, Monte S. Buchsbaum
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) (Wechsler 1981) or child equivalent, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 3rd edition (WISC-III) (Wechsler 1991) was used to measure intelligence quotient. To enable comparability across all age groups in the child and adult scale in this study, the WISC-III scores were converted into WAIS-R equivalents based on Tables 5.12 and 5.13 of the WISC-III manual recommendations (Wechsler 1991, p. 92–93). Verbal memory was measured using the California Verbal Learning Test (Delis et al. 1987). The Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R; Wechsler 1987) was used to assess forward and backward digit span, verbal memory, visual memory, general memory, attention, and delayed recall indices. The degraded-stimulus CPT (Nuechterlein et al. 1983) measured vigilance and sustained attention. Selective attention and processing speed was measured using the Span of Apprehension test (SPAN) (Asarnow et al. 1991) and the TMT-A (Reitan 1958), respectively. The WCST (Heaton et al. 1993) and TMT-B measured executive function.
Apolipoprotein E genotype moderates the association between dietary polyunsaturated fat and brain function: an exploration of cerebral glutamate and cognitive performance
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2020
Stephanie Oleson, Danielle Eagan, Sonya Kaur, William J. Hertzing, Mohammed Alkatan, Jaimie N. Davis, Hirofumi Tanaka, Andreana P. Haley
A battery of standard neuropsychological assessment instruments with established reliability and validity was administered to participants.25 The measures were grouped according to two cognitive domains: memory and executive function. Raw scores for each assessment were converted to z-scores and averaged with the other tests in each respective domain. Timed-test scores were multiplied by −1 so that higher scores indicated superior performance. The California Verbal Learning Test-II immediate and delayed recall, a measure of rote verbal learning and memory, comprised the memory domain.26 The Trail Making Test B27 time to completion (a task of speeded mental flexibility), WAIS-III Digit Span Subtest28 (a task of attention and working memory), and Controlled Oral Word Association Test29 (a task of verbal fluency) made up the attention-executive domain. Global cognitive functioning was assessed by the Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE),30 a 30-point, brief assessment to determine cognitive impairment, and estimated intelligence was derived from scores on the Weschler Test of Adult Reading,31 a measure that assesses vocabulary level as an indicator of premorbid intellectual function. A trained research assistant administered and scored the test battery using standard administration and scoring criteria.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Amnesia
- Clinical Psychology
- Episodic Memory
- Free Recall
- Interference Theory
- Neuropsychological Test
- Recognition Memory
- Encoding
- Recall
- Serial-Position Effect