Benefits of Meditation and Yoga in Clinically Depressed Patients
Anne George, Snigdha S. Babu, M. P. Ajithkumar, Sabu Thomas in Holistic Healthcare. Volume 2: Possibilities and Challenges, 2019
These treatments are commonly used in treatment resistant depression. They include electroconvulsive therapy,repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS),deep TMS,transcranial direct current stimulation,low-field magnetic stimulation,vagus nerve stimulation, anddeep brain stimulation.
Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System
Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw in Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Surgical treatments for PD are now standard treatment options after the development of models of basal ganglia circuitry, refinements of stereotactic surgery (due to better stereotactic frames, imaging by high-resolution brain CT and MRI, and intraoperative electrophysiologic microelectrode assessment), and continued long-term evidence of overall safe and effective outcomes with positive impact on quality of life in select patients. The main surgical targets are the internal (medial or posteroventral) globus pallidus and the subthalamic nucleus. The most common surgical strategy is reversible, unilateral or bilateral, high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) via stimulating electrodes, while lesional surgery has become less favorable due to its irreversible effects, usual limitation to a unilateral procedure, and higher incidence of side effects.
Biological Predictions from the Conduction Delay Hypothesis of Cerebral Lateralization
Robert Miller in Axonal Conduction Time and Human Cerebral Laterality, 2019
The parameters of brain stimulation in Mullan and Penfield’s study are not stated. Later work (Libet, 1982) has shown than the threshold intensity of brain stimulation required to produce conscious sensory experience falls as train length increases, up to a duration of about 0.5 sec. In other words, there can be an integration between duration and brain stimulus intensity, for durations up to about 0.5 sec. In the next chapter, the topic of temporal integration by sensory stimuli is raised, and the prediction is made that the left hemisphere can integrate duration and intensity over a longer period than can the right. If the intensity/duration effect described by Libet for brain stimulation is really determined by the possibility of temporal convergence in pathways of differing delay, one would predict that the time needed for integration of brain stimulus effects to produce conscious sensation would also be longer for the left hemisphere.
Treatment approaches for pusher behaviour: a scoping review
Published in Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 2023
Matteo Paci, Gabriele Macchioni, Francesco Ferrarello
Included studies showed promising results for the use of somatosensory cues, especially through robot-assisted gait training (supported by three RCTs) and visual-somatosensory integration (supported by two RCTs and one CCT). It should be noted that somatosensory cues and visual-somatosensory integration were the first two treatment approaches conceived, and published starting in year 1998 and 2004, respectively (Figure 3). Further investigation is needed on treatment approaches based on brain stimulation and how it could be integrated with other promising treatments. On the contrary, controlled studies suggest that approaches based on visual feedback are less effective than others. Suggestions from our findings are not consistent with the conclusions of Luque-Moreno et al.23: it should be noted that they did not consider two RCTs51,53 and all the CCTs and founded their conclusions on one pilot RCT. In addition, the issues of interdisciplinary approach and intensive intervention are not key features of the studies, which they examined. The suggestions derived from our findings should be confirmed by a methodologically sound systematic review.
Ethical and Legal Considerations of Alternative Neurotherapies
Published in AJOB Neuroscience, 2021
Ashwini Nagappan, Louiza Kalokairinou, Anna Wexler
Neurotherapies for diagnostics and treatment are continuously being offered to the public outside mainstream healthcare settings. For example, even though single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging is not sanctioned by any professional physician society for use as a neuropsychiatric diagnostic, it is being marketed by the Amen Clinics and others for these purposes (Anderson, Mizgalewicz, and Illes 2013; Chancellor and Chatterjee 2011; Farah and Gillihan 2012). Electroencephalography (EEG) neurofeedback is offered by hundreds of practitioners in the United States (U.S.) to treat a variety of clinical indications, even though there is little evidence of efficacy for many of its advertised uses (Thibault et al. 2015; Thibault and Raz 2016; Wexler et al. 2020). Furthermore, a variety of experimental brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and off-label transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), are often offered by providers that lack medical training (Wexler 2020) and by those that self-identify as practicing holistic and integrative medicine.
Combination of noninvasive brain stimulation and constraint-induced movement therapy in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2023
Auwal Abdullahi, Thomson WL Wong, Tamaya Van Criekinge, Shamay SM Ng
Although the level of evidence from the results of this study seems to be good, caution needs to be exercised in interpreting the results. This is due to the significant heterogeneity between the included studies, especially with regard to the sample size and time since stroke [58]. Similarly, it has been argued that the potential effects of brain stimulation depend on many factors, such as the assessment tools used, individual patients’ neuroanatomical and neurophysiological differences, and the type of additional therapy used [58,64]. However, it has been argued that the intensity of stimulation does not necessarily affect outcome [65]. Thus, it is important clinicians and researchers consider these factors during practice and research involving a combination of NIBS with CIMT in patients with stroke.
Related Knowledge Centers
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