Meniscus
Manoj Ramachandran, Tom Nunn in Basic Orthopaedic Sciences, 2018
Patients with an acute meniscus tear complain of knee pain and can present with swelling and tenderness to knee palpation along the joint line of the affected side. Patients typically describe a twisting or hyperflexion movement that initiated the symptoms. In addition to pain, they may complain of catching, locking or loss of motion secondary to a mechanical block to extension. Meniscal tears are often present in patients presenting with a popliteal cyst. Popliteal cysts, also known as Baker’s cysts when associated with underlying joint pathology such as osteoarthritis, are masses present in the posteromedial aspect of the knee that arise from a pathologic one-way valve communication of synovial fluid between the knee joint and semimembranosus bursa. The accumulation of synovial fluid in this bursa results in distention and eventual formation of a popliteal cyst. Up to 82% of popliteal cysts are associated with a meniscal tear.
Test Paper 2
Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike in Get Through, 2017
A Baker’s cyst, or popliteal cyst, is essentially a communicating synovial cyst from the posterior joint capsule. The location of the cyst, which tracks between the medial head of the gastrocnemius and semimembranosus tendon, is characteristic. Pes anserinus bursitis refers to inflammation of the bursa around the conjoined tendon insertions of the gracilis, sartorius and semitendinosus muscles at the anteromedial aspect of the proximal tibia. A large parameniscal cyst is a differential, but this requires a meniscal horizontal tear and no mention of this is made.
Prosthetic joint infection due to Mycobacterium moriokaense in an immunocompetent patient after a total knee replacement
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2020
Joya Singh, Suresh J. Antony
A 68-year-old Hispanic man presented with right knee pain and swelling 4 years after a total knee arthroplasty performed for degenerative joint disease. His past medical history included hypertension and prostate cancer (in remission after prostatectomy and radiation). Two years after total knee arthroplasty, he experienced fluid collection to the right posterior knee and had several joint aspirations with recurrence of the fluid accumulation. Fluoroscopic-guided aspiration of the right knee was performed with injection of contrast for a computed tomography arthrogram and showed evidence of communication between the joint and the posterior lateral fluid collection. Aspiration fluid analysis showed >20-30 white blood cells per high-power field, and the microbial cultures were positive for methicillin-resistant S. aureus. He was treated with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim 800-160 mg orally twice daily for 2 weeks for treatment of the popliteal cyst. His erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein level were both within normal ranges at that time. After completion of treatment, he underwent a surgical procedure to excise the recurrent popliteal cyst without any complications. The pathology report of the cyst was consistent with a popliteal cyst with no evidence of malignancy.
Diagnosis and management of implant debris-associated inflammation
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Stuart B. Goodman, Jiri Gallo, Emmanuel Gibon, Michiaki Takagi
The surgeon should inspect and palpate the surgical site and examine joint function (usually range of motion, stability, performance of specific tasks), and assess limb length, muscular power and gait. A relatively normal clinical picture can be found in patients without implant loosening or other major pathology. Symptomatic patients usually manifest joint deterioration due to pain (at least a limited ROM) and can demonstrate positive tests for tendinitis or muscle impairment. It is occasionally possible to palpate a hip pseudotumor in the groin [64] or a popliteal cyst in case of TKA [65]. A painful joint located at the limb usually disturbs the normal fluid nature of gait.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Compartment Syndrome
- Deep Vein Thrombosis
- Ischemia
- Osteoarthritis
- Synovial Fluid
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Knee
- Meniscus Tear
- Knee Bursae