Titania Nanotubes as Silver Nanoparticle Carriers to Prevent Implant-Associated Infection
Huiliang Cao in Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Devices, 2017
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in the orthopedic and dental fields because of their good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility (Chu et al. 2002; Geetha et al. 2009; Liu et al. 2004). However, implant-associated infection remains one of the most prevalent and catastrophic postoperative complications (Zhao et al. 2009). Although the infection rate has been reduced to less than 5% on account of more thorough disinfection, strict aseptic surgical protocols and intraoperative systemic prophylactic treatment (Lee and Murphy 2013), the total number of people infected continues to increase because of growing medical demand for prosthetic replacements by the increasing aging population and prevalence of joint degenerative and periodontal diseases (Kurtz et al. 2012). Exogenously virulent bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and endogenously low-virulent ones such as coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) and Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) may serve as pathogens. The infection is mainly ascribed to bacteria adhesion, colonisation and finally formation of biofilms on the implant surface. Accurate diagnosis of the infection is sophisticated and time consuming, and it is difficult to treat such infection because bacteria in the biofilms are highly resistant to antibiotics (Mah and O’Toole 2001). Usually, extraction of the contaminated implant is the only viable option to eliminate the infection.
Reduction and Fixation of Sacroiliac joint Dislocation by the Combined Use of S1 Pedicle Screws and an Iliac Rod
Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White in Advances in Spinal Fusion, 2003
implants are favorable [21]. In vitro, osteoblasts have been demonstrated to grow faster on titanium alloy (Ti-6A1-4V) than on cobalt-chrome alloy or stainless steel [31], and the biocompatibility of titanium has been described as superior to that of cobalt-chrome and stainless steel [32]. However, in most studies of the biocompatibility of titanium, commercially pure (c.p.) titanium has been used. C.p. titanium is routinely used for oral implants and show clearly better results in the long-term perspective than HA-coated implants [33]. Due to the limited strength of c.p. titanium, it is not used for pedicle screw instrumentations. Instead, titanium alloys are used, mostly Ti-6A1-4V. There is no data backing up the concept that titanium alloy is as well accepted in bone as is c.p. titanium [34]. HA coating adheres stronger to a titanium than to a cobalt-chrome substrate [35]. However, HA coatings of titanium and cobalt-chrome implants have been examined in an experimental study. Both mechanically and histologically, the HA-coated cobalt-chrome implants performed in a similar manner to the HA-coated titanium implants [36]. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
Sensing of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Sentinel Lymph Nodes Biopsy
Shoogo Ueno in Bioimaging, 2020
Alongside the magnetic probe, we have also developed non-magnetic titanium retractors. Different from stainless steel, which is commonly used for surgical instruments, titanium is fully non-magnetic and therefore does not interfere with measurements performed by the magnetic probe. An additional benefit is that titanium is lighter than stainless steel. To prevent detection errors by the magnetic probe, we have used non-magnetic titanium to manufacture retractors to keep the surgical field open. The reasons we have not used plastic are the selection of a material that has excellent strength and that biocompatibility is difficult. Titanium instruments are light, and titanium has lately been used in the development of a wide range of instruments for use in MRI-guided surgery, including in the ophthalmology field. However, since few of the relatively large surgical instruments used in common surgeries are available in titanium, we have developed new titanium retractors. These retractors have already been used in clinical research and their usefulness have been confirmed.
Proteome analysis of the salivary pellicle formed on titanium alloys containing niobium and zirconium
Published in Biofouling, 2019
Heloisa Navarro Pantaroto, Karina Pintaudi Amorim, Jairo Matozinho Cordeiro, João Gabriel S. Souza, Antônio Pedro Ricomini-Filho, Elidiane C. Rangel, Ana Lúcia R. Ribeiro, Luís Geraldo Vaz, Valentim A.R. Barão
Considering the constant development of biomaterials, it is crucial to evaluate protein adsorption on new materials in comparison with consolidated materials. Titanium (Ti) is a consolidated material that has been used for the manufacture of dental implants due primarily to its good biocompatibility and biological acceptance by bone (Gonçalves et al. 2018). Despite that, Ti alloys have been suggested as an alternative to Ti owing to their improved mechanical, biocompatibility and osseointegration ability which allow for broad clinical applications (Cordeiro and Barão 2017). In this context, the Ti6Al4V alloy has been used when higher mechanical resistance is required (Hacisalihoglu et al. 2015). Nevertheless, the use of this alloy has been discouraged due to the release of aluminium (Al) and vanadium (V) ions in the peri-implant area, which could compromise tissue health (Kaufman et al. 2008).
Polymeric middle ear prosthesis enriched with silver nanoparticles – first clinical results
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Magdalena Ziąbka, Katarzyna Malec
Numerous kinds of materials have been tested as implants in order to replace missing or damaged ossicles. For several years autogenous and allogeneic as well as xenogenic transplants have been performed. However, currently these materials are either rarely applied or even abandoned because of high risk of infections (HIV) and transplant rejection. Thanks to the advancement and development in materials science and technology, the materials available for ossiculoplasty prostheses have improved immensely. Nowadays, the surgery is based on alloplastic materials, such as metals, polymers, ceramics, and composites (Figure 1) [1]. Among such a variety of materials used as medical devices, the most popular one is still titanium, due to its unquestionable advantages. Titanium is lightweight, durable, corrosion-resistant and biocompatible. It is an efficient material for ossicular reconstruction, as it does not show artifacts in MRI at 1.5 and 3 T and has low specific density [2–5]. Partial and total ossiculoplasty replacement prostheses made of titanium are routinely used in otologic surgery, providing satisfactory postoperative anatomic and audiologic results [6–8]. Polymers are also popular in ossicles reconstruction. The best-known one is Polycel (polyethylene with a sponge-like structure) and teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) [9,10].
Effect of micropore/microsphere topography and a silicon-incorporating modified titanium plate surface on the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2020
Wuchao Zhou, Tiesheng Wang, Yanzi Gan, Jian Yang, Hongshui Zhu, Anxun Wang, Yujiang Wang, Weihong Xi
Since Professor Brånemark first reported the phenomenon of “osseointegration,” the term osseointegration has been used to describe the stable combination of titanium and bone tissue [1,2]. Titanium and its alloys have good mechanical properties, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. They are mature biomaterials for use in dental and orthopaedic applications. However, titanium and its alloys are inert biological materials. They have poor bioactivity and cannot form solid chemical bonds with bone tissue quickly and effectively [3]. They cannot achieve sufficient osseointegration, which leads to an increase in the aseptic loosening and premature failure of implants [4]. To improve osseointegration and the success rate of implants utilizing titanium and its alloys, various surface treatments have been used.
Related Knowledge Centers
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