Restorative Proctocolectomy in Colitis
Peter Sagar, Andrew G. Hill, Charles H. Knowles, Stefan Post, Willem A. Bemelman, Patricia L. Roberts, Susan Galandiuk, John R.T. Monson, Michael R.B. Keighley, Norman S. Williams in Keighley & Williams’ Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, 2019
Pouch-vaginal fistulae (PVF) are connections between the pouch and the posterior vagina, occurring in 3.3% to 15.8% of women who undergo pouch surgery. Common symptoms include passage of gas or stool per vagina, perineal discomfort and recurrent urinary tract or vaginal infections. In the immediate post-operative period, PVF form as a result of pelvic sepsis/abscess or haematoma resulting in anastomotic dehiscence or technical error with inclusion of the vaginal wall into the pouch-anal staple line.95–97 In the longer term, more than six months following the original IPAA operation, Crohn’s disease of the pouch needs to be considered as a causative factor.
Noninvasive detection of COPD and Lung Cancer through breath analysis using MOS Sensor array based e-nose
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2021
Binson V A, M. Subramoniam, Luke Mathew
The participants selected for the study were advised to fast for a period of two hours prior to breath sampling. Tobacco smoking, mouthwashes, toothpastes, and medications were not allowed. They were asked to wait for 2 hours in a closed room to ensure that there is no interaction with exogenous VOCs and all the exhaled breath VOCs are a result of endogenous processes. The temperature inside the room is regulated at 23°C and relative humidity is also maintained between 30% and 50%. A constant heater voltage of 5 V was used to preheat MOS sensors and the repetition of this procedure was performed before each sample detection. Breath samples were collected in a 1 L Tedlar bag made of Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF). To eliminate the dead space air and collect the alveolar breath, the first collected breath was discarded [41,42]. The expelled breath samples of volunteers under study were collected in the Tedlar bag through a tube attached to it. The samples were collected from the subjects for few seconds in such a way the entire disease biomarker VOCs was collected in the sample holder. After each measurement, the sensor chamber is cleaned by applying pure nitrogen to it. The sampling circumstances were uncontrolled, ie., the impact of breath-hold, expiratory flow rate, and dead space inclusion were not considered [43].
SP1-induced up-regulation of lncRNA LUCAT1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer by sponging miR-181a
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Liang Zhang, Shi-Kai Liu, Lili Song, Hai-Rong Yao
A total protein extraction kit (GeneLife, Mentougou, Beijing, China) was applied to lyse the HeLa and SiHa cells. Then, 20 μg of protein was loaded onto the SDS-PAGE and sequentially transferred to a polyvinyl fluoride membrane. After being blocked with 5% non-fat milk, the membranes were probed with primary and secondary antibodies. Finally, an ECL Western Blotting Substrate kit (ZeYe Biotech, Jinshan, Shanghai, China) and a ChemiScope 6000 system (CLiNX, Baoshan, Shanghai, China) were utilized to detect the protein bands. The primary antibodies against caspase-3, vimentin and caspase-9 were purchased from Sino Biological Inc. (Yizhuang, Beijing, China). The primary antibodies targeting N-Cadherin and GAPDH were obtained from Boster Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, Hubei, China).
Cancer breath testing: a patent review
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2018
K. M. Mohibul Kabir, William A. Donald
In WO 2017023768 A1 [61], Fu et al. disclosed a method to preconcentrate VOCs collected from human breath using a combined chemical derivatization and surface capture strategy. The concentration levels of many biomarkers in exhaled breath are below the detection limits of many standard analytical techniques (sub ppb or nmol/L). However, aldehyde and ketone VOCs can be preconcentrated by chemically adducting such VOCs to nonvolatile chemicals that are immobilized on a surface. For example, in the disclosure by Fu et al. [61], air and exhaled breath samples were collected in 1 L polyvinyl fluoride bags. The bag was connected to the inlet of a microreactor, which chemically derivatizes aldehydes and ketones. The microfabricated silicon preconcentrator consisted of an array of microfluidic channels (Figure 2a) that were coated with of 2-(aminooxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanammonium (ATM) iodide. VOCs that contain the aldehyde functional group can react with ATM by the oximation reaction to form an oxime-ether derivative of the VOC (Figure 2b). Because the ammonium functional group in the chemically derivatized VOCs is charged, the derivatized VOCs are immobilized on the surface. The major advantage of this approach is that aldehyde and ketone VOCs can be preconcentrated more than by use of less selective surface adsorption methods. Moreover, the ammonium functional group ensures that derivatized VOCs can be ionized and detected using ESI-MS and LC-MS methods with ultrahigh sensitivity; that is, limits of detection as low as ppt are possible. Thus, various types of cancer can be more readily identified by obtaining richer VOC profiles from breath samples than by use of less sensitive approaches.
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