3D models as tools for inhaled drug development
Anthony J. Hickey, Heidi M. Mansour in Inhalation Aerosols, 2019
The most basic form of 2D culture model involves culture of a single cell type. The European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (ECACC) and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) contain thousands of cell lines representative of a range of tissue types and genetic disorders (3,4). An advantage of cell lines in basic research is that, unlike patient- or animal-derived primary cells, the production of steadily proliferating and phenotypically stable cells is standardized, which in turn facilitates consistency in assay design and a subsequent improvement in comparison between respiratory drug candidates (2). They are also more readily available than donor primary cells, facilitating larger sample sizes and a greater range of test groups. Therefore, cell lines are an important tool in testing a new or repurposed drug, in assessing how cells respond to a new system, or in answering basic biological questions of cell function or disease states.
Dissemination and adhesion of peritoneal cancer cells to the peritoneal wall
Wim P. Ceelen, Edward A. Levine in Intraperitoneal Cancer Therapy, 2015
Cell lines have the advantage of being easy to handle, available in large numbers, and suitable for repeated experiments. But all cell lines can show artifacts resulting from long-time cell culture and possess a more homogeneous pheno-/genotype as compared to tumors, which often are very heterogeneous [49]. Therefore, it is recommended to use several cell lines [41,50]. Evidently, cells isolated from patients are closer to the in vivo situation and are heterogeneous. The procedure to isolate cells is more labor intensive and needs thorough characterization [25,26,30,51–53]. Cancer cells can be used as a single cell suspension or as cell spheroids. Spheroids can be isolated from ovarian cancer patients ascites directly [4,5] or can be generated from a single cell suspension by liquid gyrotory shaking [54] or culture on a nonadherent substrate [2,29].
Experimental models and measurements to study cardiovascular physiology
Neil Herring, David J. Paterson in Levick's Introduction to Cardiovascular Physiology, 2018
Some cell lines are immortalized in that they have acquired the ability to proliferate indefinitely either through random mutation (such as some tumour cells) or artificial expression of particular proteins, such as telomerase. Numerous cell lines are well established as being representative of particular cell types. Examples include the HeLa cells obtained from human cervical cancer (the line having been obtained from cervical cancer cells taken from Henrietta Lacks who died of the disease in 1951), PC12 cells from rat phaeochromocytoma or human embryonic kidney cells 293. While cell lines can provide a human cell type that is easily obtainable and easy to work with, problems such as cell line misidentification, contamination with Mycoplasma, and genotypic and phenotypic instability can influence data quality and reliability.
Augmented anticancer activity of naringenin-loaded TPGS polymeric nanosuspension for drug resistive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Sumathi Rajamani, Arun Radhakrishnan, Tamizharasi Sengodan, Sivakumar Thangavelu
Cancer can be explained as a condition in which the cell loses its natural apoptotic character and thus leads to abnormal multiplication [1]. Different organs can be effect by cancer cells like lungs, kidney, throat, uterus, cervical, brain, etc. Among them, Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in developing countries and the second leading cause of cancer death (following lung cancer) among women in developed countries. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with nearly 1.7 million new cases diagnosed in 2012, accounting for 25% of all new cancer cases in women [2–4]. Risk factors for developing breast cancer include female sex, lack of physical exercise, drinking alcohol, obesity, hormone replacement therapy during menopause, ionizing radiation, early age at first menstruation, and old age [5]. Due to its major impact on population, this disease represents a critical public health problem that requires further research at the molecular level in order to define its prognosis and specific treatment. Basic research is required to accomplish this task and this involves cell lines as they can be widely used in many aspects of laboratory research and, particularly, as in vitro models in cancer research.
Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Profiles of Commonly Used Human Ocular Surface Cell Lines
Published in Current Eye Research, 2018
Alison M McDermott, Hasna Baidouri, Ashley M Woodward, Wendy R Kam, Yang Liu, Xiaomin Chen, Jillian F Ziemanski, Kerry Vistisen, Linda D Hazlett, Kelly K Nichols, Pablo Argüeso, David A Sullivan
Given that many of the lines we investigated have been distributed to multiple labs around the world, we hope these data are a useful resource for the field of ocular surface research. We strongly encourage all of our colleagues, but especially those working in multiuser culture facilities and where multiple lines are in use, to perform STR analysis on their own stocks of these cells to confirm their identity. Here we studied cell lines readily available in our laboratories. Ocular surface cell lines other than those studied here are no doubt in use in other laboratories across the world and we hope that our study will spur others to have additional lines profiled so that the community as a whole can be assured that we are all performing experiments with cells that are actually what we think they are.
First radiobiological characterization of the McCune–Albright syndrome: influence of the ATM protein and effect of statins + bisphosphonates treatment
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
Jean-Thomas Bachelet, Adeline Granzotto, Mélanie Ferlazzo, Laurène Sonzogni, Elise Berthel, Clément Devic, Nicolas Foray
Untransformed fibroblast and osteoblasts cell lines were chosen for their genomic stability and to avoid any confounding effect of immortalization. All the experiments were performed with cells in plateau phase of growth (95 − 99% in G0/G1) to overcome any cell cycle effects. The human cell lines derived from the patients 1, 2 and 3 used were isolated from a skin or a bone biopsy during surgery with informed consent. The establishment of cells as cell lines were performed according to standard procedures whose details have been described elsewhere (Granzotto et al. 2016). The reference code for fibroblast and osteoblast cell lines derived from patients 1 and 2 were 01 F and 01 O, and 02 F and 02 O, respectively. The 07 F fibroblasts and 07 O osteoblasts were derived from patient 3 whose clinical features are detailed above. The major radiobiological features of the radioresistant control 1BR3 and the hyper-radiosensitive ATM-mutated AT5BI and LIG4-mutated 180BR cell lines used in this study for intercomparisons were published elsewhere (Foray et al. 1997).