Total Intravenous Anesthesia
Michele Barletta, Jane Quandt, Rachel Reed in Equine Anesthesia and Pain Management, 2023
In most field anesthesia environments, minimal monitoring equipment is available to the anesthetist. The anesthetist should be diligent in monitoring subjective visual indications of patient status. One can easily monitor heart rate, pulse quality, respiratory rate and depth, mucous membrane color, and capillary refill time without the aid of an electronic monitor. These simple observations can provide a wealth of information in regard to the physiologic status of the patient. Hand-held pulse oximetry units are available and helpful to the anesthetist in monitoring heart rate and saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen (Figure 5.13).Most ECG units are cumbersome and expensive, making them unlikely to be available in the field. Smaller, inexpensive units that attach to smart phones have been developed and work well in a variety of species (Figure 5.14). This ECG design is much more conducive to field anesthesia use.Small oscillometric blood pressure monitors are also available for field anesthesia monitoring (Figure 5.15). These units are fairly expensive, and accuracy in equine patients is variable.
Benefits and drawbacks of telemedicine
Richard Wootton, John Craig, Victor Patterson in Introduction to Telemedicine, 2017
One important reason why patients suffering from high blood pressure visit health professionals is to have their blood pressure taken. As electronic blood pressure monitors are now available, patients can measure their own blood pressure and transmit the results, for example, to their GP, by telephone. Prescriptions of medication could subsequently be based on the transmitted results and arranged as discussed above. It might be expected that such an approach, where blood pressure measurements are taken at home and work, would result in the recording of more representative blood pressure readings, and might even reduce the number of patients with ‘white-coat’ hypertension. To ensure that readings were being accurately recorded, patients could initially be supervised using an inexpensive audiovisual link.6
New Concepts in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Mark C Houston in The Truth About Heart Disease, 2023
There are many possible reasons for these findings:Genetics. Genetics are important in predicting the risk for CHD. These are often not measured by your doctor (Chapters 9 and 10).Proper testing. We must measure more sensitive indicators for CHD and measure them earlier. For example, it is important to measure endothelial dysfunction and conduct other noninvasive tests on the vascular system and heart to determine if there is early CHD. If so, then an aggressive, early prevention, and treatment program is warranted.CHD risk factors. The standard or top five CHD risk factors, as they are often touted, do not adequately identify individuals at risk for CHD. In addition, there are over 400 CHD risk factors. These are not measured, not known by many doctors, or they are ignored. For example, blood pressure should be measured in the office, at home, and by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor. The blood cholesterol and other lipids should be measured using an advanced blood lipid testing method that measures not just total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides but also measures each of these related to particle numbers and size for LDL, HDL, and triglycerides. In addition, the HDL function should be measured.
Evaluation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) activity and the levels of homocysteine and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of women with preeclampsia
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2020
Sahar Mazloomi, Shohreh Alimohammadi, Iraj Khodadadi, Tayebeh Ghiasvand, Gholamreza Shafiee
In this case–control study, 30 pregnant healthy women or 30 women with preeclampsia (all up of the 20th weeks' gestational age) were selected from those who were admitted to Fatemieh Hospital (Hamadan-Iran). Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (ethics committee code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1396.404). High blood pressure (>140/90 mmHg) with proteinuria was diagnosed as preeclampsia. In this study, regarding the involvement of metabolic factors in diseases, the two groups were matched for age, gestational age, BMI, consumption of multivitamin and supplementation drugs of pregnancy. Exclusion criteria were included previous elective abortions, previous ectopic pregnancies, underlying diseases such as type 2 diabetes, thyroid disease, kidney, liver, respiratory, infectious, and heart disease, diet special foods include vegetarianism, taking antihypertensive drugs, and alcohol and tobacco. Blood samples were collected and serum was separated and stored in a −20°C. In this study, blood pressure was measured by a blood pressure monitor. Digital scale and meter were used to measure weight and height, respectively. Required information about age, gestational age, multivitamin consumption, and supplementation drugs of pregnancy was completed by general information questionnaire with face-to-face interviews and medical records.
Continuous blood pressure monitoring during high-intensity resistance training after myocardial infarction or percutaneous coronary intervention in a phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation setting
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2020
Katelyn D. Brown, Hoa L. Nguyen, Jenny Adams
An important strength of this study was use of the Finometer blood pressure monitors to provide continuous monitoring during the HI-RT sessions. It is not feasible to use the gold standard of intra-arterial measurements during exercise sessions due to the invasive risks such as pain, arterial spasm, blood clots, bleeding, and vaso-vagal syncope.12 The dynamic nature of the blood pressure response to RT makes intermittent measurements by the standard arm cuff and auscultation method poorly representative of the characteristic physiological response.3 Despite this fact, most of the available information on the blood pressure response during CR has been collected this way.13–15 In contrast, the Finometer blood pressure monitors we used have been shown to achieve continuous blood pressure monitoring similar to intra-arterial recordings.3
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is associated with reduced levels of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in adolescents. Data from the population-based German KiGGS study
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2019
Raquel Pinho, Biyao Wang, Andreas Becker, Aribert Rothenberger, Tiago F. Outeiro, Christoph Herrmann-Lingen, Thomas Meyer
Blood pressure and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) measurements were extensively described in our own and in other previous reports (Neuhauser and Thamm 2007; Berendes et al. 2013; Meyer et al. 2017). In brief, arterial blood pressure was measured using the Datascope Accutorr Plus sphygmomanometer, equipped with a portable monitor. Two independent, sequential readings of the systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure were taken with a 5-min interval. Blood pressure readings were performed while the subject was in a sitting position with the right arm on the desk, the forearm in supination and the elbow at the level of the right atrium. Inflatable cuffs were used according to the circumference of the upper right arm (6 × 12, 9 × 18, 12 × 23, and 17 × 38.6 cm), and had to cover at least two-thirds of the length of the upper arm from the axilla to the antecubital fossa.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Arteriosclerosis
- Auscultation
- Blood Pressure
- Clinical Trial
- Palpation
- Stethoscope
- Systole
- Cuff
- Mercury
- Gold Standard