Cystic Kidney
Amar Bhide, Asma Khalil, Aris T Papageorghiou, Susana Pereira, Shanthi Sairam, Basky Thilaganathan in Problem-Based Obstetric Ultrasound, 2019
Cystic kidney is a common finding in routine ante-natal screening. Presence of cysts in the renal cortex and increased echogenicity of the kidneys suggest the diagnosis of adult polycystic disease. Bilateral multicystic kidneys are usually associated with anhydramnios or severe oligohydramnios, and this can compromise the assessment of the rest of the fetal anatomy due to poor visibility. Identification of macrosomia with a small exomphalos would suggest Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome but is usually associated with normal or increased liquor. Multisystem abnormalities such as vertebral and cardiac abnormalities would suggest a diagnosis of VATER/VACTERL associations or chromosomal abnormalities such as trisomy 13 or 18. The presence of polydactyly along with an encephalocele would strongly suggest the possibility of Meckel–Gruber syndrome. A number of genetic syndromes are diagnosed after a post-natal assessment of the baby or after a post-mortem examination. Bilateral MCKD is a lethal condition, both because of the lack of normal renal function and pulmonary hypoplasia.
Conditions peculiar to the feet
Norman Browse, John Black, Kevin Burnand, William Thomas in Browse's Introduction to the Symptoms & Signs of Surgical Disease, 2005
There are many congenital abnormalities of the foot, such as polydactyly, but the most important ones clinically and functionally are those related to club foot. Club foot (Talipes) These deformities of the ankle and foot develop in utero and are usually present at birth. They are classified according to the skeletal deformity but are collectively known as talipes or club foot. However, these are inappropriate terms when used in such a broad, non-specific manner. Similar deformities can also develop in adult life after injury, paralysis and other musculoskeletal disorders.
Common Anomalies of the Hand and Digits
Zol B. Kryger in Practical Plastic Surgery, 2007
Epidemiology and Terminology Polydactyly (duplicated digits) is the most common congenital anomaly of the hand. The incidence ranges from 1 in 300 in African Americans to 1 in 3000 in Asians and Caucasians. Syndactyly (webbed digits) is the second most common anomaly. In Caucasians, the incidence is 7 in 10,000. Roughly a third of cases are hereditary. These inherited cases are typically bilateral and occur more frequendy in males.
Surgical treatment of polydactyly and syndactyly during the 4th century AD
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2019
Marios Papadakis, Andreas Manios, Constantinos Trompoukis
Introduction: Polydactyly, or polydactylism, is a common congenital disorder of the limbs, consisting of any digit duplication beyond the normal five. The term syndactyly refers to fused digits. We herein present a thorough description of these diseases together with their surgical treatment, provided by Oribasius, a Byzantine physician of the 4th century. To our knowledge, this is the earliest description of supernumerary and fused fingers and their surgical management. Material and Methods: We conducted a thorough study of Oribasius’ work. Results: The 15th chapter of the 47th book of Oribasius’ work is devoted to finger abnormalities (i.e. polydactyly and syndactyly) and their surgical treatment. Discussion: With regard to the extensive medical knowledge of the 4th century as survived in Oribasius’ work, these descriptions comprise, to the best of our knowledge, the earliest written references to the surgical treatment of polydactyly and syndactyly.
Intranatal Torsion of Polydactyly: A Rare Event
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2016
Priyanka Gupta, Sujoy Neogi, Amlin Shukla, A. K. Patwari
Polydactyly is one of the most common anomalies of hand and/or foot. Postnatal torsion of pedunculated polydactyly is a well known complication but intranatal torsion has been infrequently described in published literature. Here, we describe a case of pedunculated ulnar polydactyly which was gangrenous at birth due to intranatal torsion. Controversies surrounding the management of narrow pedicled pedunculated polydactyly by traditional method of suture ligation at base are also discussed.
CONGENITAL IMPERFORATE HYMEN WITH BILATERAL HYDRONEPHROSIS, POLYDACTYLY AND LARYNGOCELE: A Rare Neonatal Presentation
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2010
Hulya Ozturk, Burhan Yazıcı, Adem Kucuk, Dursun Ali Senses
Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital malformation to present with symptoms in the neonatal period. We present a case of a 5-day-old neonate with a marked interlabial swelling causing urinary retention. Imaging revealed hydrometrocolpos, hydrosalpinx, and bilateral hydronephrosis. Additionally, our patient had polydactyly of both feet and hands, and laryngocele that have not been previously described in literature. Hymenectomy is the mainstay of management to prevent the development of hematocolpos, pain, and possible retrograde menstruation.
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