Caring for the health needs of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers
Karen Holland in Cultural Awareness in Nursing and Health Care, 2017
Some key migration terms: Emigration – When someone leaves the country of originImmigration – When someone enters a different countryEconomic migration – Moving to find work or follow a particular career pathSocial migration – Moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to family and friendsPolitical migration – Moving to escape political persecution or warEnvironmental migration – Moving to avoid natural disasters such as flooding
Migrant mental health care
Christopher Dowrick in Global Primary Mental Health Care, 2019
Current estimates suggest that there are 244 million international migrants globally (or 3.3% of the world’s population).1 While the majority of individuals have migrated to countries within their region, a sizeable proportion migrate to high-income countries that are further afield. Economic factors are the major reason for migration, especially to high-income countries. Forced displacement is another important reason, leading to an estimated 25.4 million refugees in 2018.2 As most high-income countries apply restrictive immigration policies, many immigrants are not granted legal permission to stay, but cannot or do not want to return to their country of origin. This results in an unknown number of irregular or undocumented migrants, who in most countries have limited or no access to social services and health care.
Food selection
Geoffrey P. Webb in Nutrition, 2019
Migration is often prompted by the attraction of improved economic opportunities and this encourages much migration from developing to industrialised countries. Thus large-scale migration is sometimes accompanied by a complete change of social structure from a rural agrarian to a Western industrial-type society. In the rural agrarian community, society is likely to be based upon extended and close-knit family groupings with a constant flow of food between families and individuals. In Western industrial societies, this informal family and community support may no longer be available because they are organised into relatively isolated family groups, food is normally shared only with the immediate family and this sharing may help to define the family. These changes in social organisation may mean that in times of hardship, the missing informal neighbourhood and family support will have to be replaced by formal charitable or state welfare support. The impact of such changes may be ameliorated where movement is into an established ethnic community.
The Life Experiences of Refugee Children and the Depictions of Their Experiences in Drawings: A Qualitative Study
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2023
Esin Cerit, Sevim Çimke, Sevinç Polat
The subject of migration has started to become an increasingly important problem of international dimensions and has formed the basis for new legal concepts. The status of people who have had to leave their own country for various reasons in the country to which they have migrated is generally determined by the method of migration. Other than voluntary migrants, an important issue that emerges in migrations made for reasons of necessity is that of refugees (Ergüven & Özturanlı, 2013). Although there are several different definitions of refugee, it is defined by International Organization for Migration (2019) as “a person leaving their country because of a threat to life, safety, or freedom because of widespread violence, external attacks, internal conflict, or other conditions that severely disrupt civil order or human rights.”
Immigrant women’s perspectives on contraceptive counselling provided by midwives in Sweden – a qualitative study
Published in Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 2022
Mia Kolak, Charlotta Löfgren, Stefan R. Hansson, Christine Rubertsson, Anette Agardh
There is no universally accepted definition of the term “migrant”.9 The International Organization of Migration defines the term “migrant” as a person who moves away from his or her place of usual residence, whether within a country or across an international border, temporarily or permanently, and for a variety of reasons including violence, conflict, natural disasters and human rights abuse, whereas the term “immigrant” denotes persons who move into a country which becomes their country of usual residence.9,10 The European Region accounts for 35% of the global international immigrant population, of whom half are women, many of childbearing age.11 In Sweden, about 25% of the population are immigrants or descendants of immigrants, i.e. foreign-born or having at least one parent who was born outside of Sweden, and about 20% of the population is foreign-born.12,13 The immigrant population in Sweden encompasses a heterogenous group of people representing about 200 different countries, with a majority from non-European countries and with different cultural and socio-economic backgrounds.12 In this study immigrant women are defined as women who are foreign-born.
Depressive Symptoms in Older African Immigrants with Mobility Limitations: A Descriptive Study
Published in Clinical Gerontologist, 2023
Manka Nkimbeng, Nwakaego A Nmezi, Zachary G. Baker, Janiece L. Taylor, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah, Tetyana P. Shippee, Sarah L. Szanton, Joseph E. Gaugler
Currently, over 2 million African immigrants live in the US (19% of them older than 55 years), and this population is rising (U.S. Census Bureau & American Community Survey, 2017). Africans emigrate for three main reasons: seeking better economic opportunities, forced migration (escaping political instability as refugees/asylum seekers), and family reunification (BBC News, 2019; OECD, 2013; Pew Research Center, 2018). Between 2010 and 2016, there were over 110,000 African immigrant refugees (people fleeing from conflict to a nearby country) or resettled refugees (people who have been processed and approved for resettlement) in the US (Pew Research Center, 2018). Several of these circumstances and especially forced migration are traumatic and could affect long-term mental health outcomes such as depressive symptoms and depression.
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