Human papillomavirus
Shiv Shanker Pareek in The Pictorial Atlas of Common Genito-Urinary Medicine, 2018
The human papillomavirus is a virus with many different strains, some of which are sexually transmitted and cause either genital warts or dysplasia. Genital warts are small benign growths on the skin in the genital area which, although unsightly, are not a serious medical problem. Dysplasia is abnormal cells of the cervix in females, which may be a precursor to cervical cancer. Genital warts are caused by low-risk herpes simplex virus (HPV) types, the majority being due to HPV-6 and HPV-11, with the remainder being caused by HPV-42, HPV-43 and HPV-44. Genital warts are benign tumours but will continue to grow if not treated and are highly contagious. Genital warts usually appear one to six months after exposure, but it may be up to several years. In some cases individuals may be carriers of HPV and never develop genital warts.
Warts
Dimitris Rigopoulos, Chander Grover, Eckart Haneke in Nail Therapies, 2021
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) constitute a heterogeneous group of more than 100 different types of viruses distinguished by DNA sequence analysis. DNA virus 1, 2, 4 cause most periungual warts, and HPV 7 causes butchers’ warts. HPV associated with skin lesions are classified as cutaneous HPV, which are different from the genital HPV. The difference between cutaneous types and genital types of HPV is that the cutaneous types do not have the E5 open reading frame (except for a few cutaneous types) compared with the genital types.
Psoriasis and lichen planus
Ronald Marks, Richard Motley in Common Skin Diseases, 2019
Psoriasis is important because of its frequency, its recurrent nature and its tendency to disable a significant proportion of its victims. Psoriasis is a common, genetically determined, inflammatory skin disorder of unknown cause, which, in its most usual form, is characterized by well-demarcated, raised, red scaling patches that preferentially localize to the extensor surfaces. Psoriasis affects the extensor aspects of the trunk and limbs preferentially. Flexural lesions, which occur in some patients, are most often seen in the major body folds in the elderly, especially in those who are overweight. Psoriasis is a life-long disorder subject to unpredictable remissions and relapses. The commonest variant is hypertrophic lichen planus, in which thickened, mauvish papules, nodules or plaques of irregular shape with a warty or scaling surface develop. Lichen planus appears to be in the general category of autoimmune diseases and patients affected by it have a higher frequency of other autoimmune disorders than a comparable unaffected population.
Combined therapy of plantar warts with topical bleomycin and microneedling: a comparative controlled study
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2020
Hend D. Gamil, Mohamed M. Nasr, Fathia M. Khattab, Amira M. Ibrahim
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of combination between microneedling with dermapen and topical bleomycin in the treatment of plantar warts in comparison with intralesional bleomycin and intralesional saline (placebo). Methods: Fifty-four patients were assigned into three groups, each containing 18 patients. The first group treated by micro-needling phenotype with topical bleomycin at 2 weeks interval, the second group received intralesional bleomycin at 3 weeks interval and the control group was intralesional saline for a maximum of four weeks. Results: Complete clearance of warts in 16 patients in the micro-needling group (88.9%) versus 15 patients (83.3%) in the intralesional bleomycin group versus one patient (5.6%) in the control group. Conclusions: Microneedling assisted topical bleomycin spraying seems to be a promising effective and noninvasive therapeutic modality for recalcitrant plantar warts that facilitates delivery and absorption of bleomycin into the lesion.
Genital warts treatment: Beyond imiquimod
Published in Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 2018
Jianwei Yuan, Guoying Ni, Tianfang Wang, Kate Mounsey, Shelley Cavezza, Xuan Pan, Xiaosong Liu
Genital warts are one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. The disease is a result of infection with low-risk types of human papillomaviruses, mostly type 6 and 11. Current therapies for genital warts are mainly ablative, or alternatively topical application of imiquimod cream and sinecatechin (polyphenon E) ointment to the warts. However, low patient compliance and high recurrence rate are significant problems for the treatment of genital warts by imiquimod and ablative therapies. We summarise recent literature in this area and propose combining imiquimod with other therapies to increase the efficacy of imiquimod.
Allergic contact dermatitis of adjacent normal skin from 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of flat facial warts
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2020
Usman Asad, Jeannie Nguyen, Ashley Sturgeon
Topical 5-fluorouracil has proven to be an effective treatment for flat warts. Although cases of local irritation at the site of application have been reported, allergic contact dermatitis on the adjacent normal skin is generally uncommon. Reactions to propylene glycol and stearyl alcohol, two vehicle components of 5-fluorouracil, have also been described. In this report, we present a 21-year-old woman who developed allergic contact dermatitis of the adjacent normal skin after topical application of 5-fluorouracil to the face for the treatment of flat warts.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Blister
- DNA
- Genital Warts
- Rna
- Viral Skin Diseases
- Tumor Virus Infections
- Papillomavirus Infections