Surgical aspects of HIV infection
Prem Puri in Newborn Surgery, 2017
Approximately 90% of HIV-infected children will develop mucocutaneous disease, which may be infectious or noninfectious.11 Children with symptomatic HIV infection have an increased incidence of soft tissue infections (Figure 28.1). The cutaneous manifestations of HIV are indicators of underlying immune status. Bacterial skin infections are often recurrent, in atypical sites or due to atypical organisms (Figure 28.2).12 The most common organisms causing skin infections are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. These usually present as cellulitis, ecthyma, erysipelas, furunculosis (occasionally of disseminated nature), persistent and recurrent folliculitis, and impetigo. Pyomyositis is also increasingly reported, possibly associated with an increased risk of Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Gram-negative organisms may also cause severe, deep-seated skin infection in HIV-infected children. In particular, Pseudomonas species may produce cutaneous manifestations, including ecthyma gangrenosum and a papular rash, often in the perineal area.13 Lethal mucormycosis infection can produce similar features (Figure 28.3a,b,c).14
Pyomyositis
Firza Alexander Gronthoud in Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Pyomyositis is an acute bacterial infection of skeletal muscle. Clinical presentation can be similar to common conditions such as soft tissue cellulitis which can lead to a delay in treatment and potential clinical deterioration from sepsis. It is then worthwhile to consider the following.
Case 42: Bilateral Foot Weakness
Layne Kerry, Janice Rymer in 100 Diagnostic Dilemmas in Clinical Medicine, 2017
Compartment syndrome and muscle infarction would be suspected in unilateral localised myalgia, but these conditions would be very unlikely to develop bilaterally. Pyomyositis would also be expected to develop unilaterally and there is typically a history of a fever.
Pyomyositis presenting as myonecrosis secondary to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2022
Shannon Coombs, Albert Bui, Haares S. Mirzan, Kimberly Robelin, Hillary W. Garner, Murli Krishna, Jennifer B. Cowart
Pyomyositis is a skeletal muscle infection commonly associated with abscess formation and causes include mechanical trauma and hematogenous spread of infection.1 In the United States, the incidence of pyomyositis increased threefold between 2002 and 2014.1 Human immunodeficiency virus, diabetes mellitus, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute lymphocytic leukemia are risk factors for the development of infection.1,2 However, reports of pyomyositis associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are limited.3,4 To the best of our knowledge, our case is one of the first to demonstrate non–abscess-associated pyomyositis presenting as myonecrosis in a patient with CLL.
Osteomyelitis and pyomyositis due to Staphylococcus aureus in an osteomalacic adult with multiple fractures
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2021
Masumi Ogawa, Takatoshi Kitazawa, Yusuke Yoshino, Koji Morita, Toshio Ishikawa, Yasuo Ota
Adult hematogenous osteomyelitis accounts for approximately 20% of osteomyelitis cases; it most commonly involves the vertebral bones and less frequently involves the long bones of the skeleton [1,2]. Pyomyositis is a purulent skeletal muscle infection that arises from hematogenous dissemination and is usually accompanied by abscess formation [3]. Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent pathogen of hematogenous osteomyelitis and muscular abscesses [1,4]. Herein, we report a case of multiple fractures accompanied by multifocal pyomyositis and osteomyelitis due to S. aureus. He had hypophosphatemia on admission and was finally diagnosed as osteomalacia.
Docetaxel-induced acute myositis: a case report with review of literature
Published in Journal of Chemotherapy, 2021
Sariya Wongsaengsak, Miguel Quirch, Somedeb Ball, Anita Sultan, Nusrat Jahan, Mohamed Elmassry, Shabnam Rehman
Pyomyositis is another infectious complication that is associated with immunocompromised hosts such as patients with hematologic malignancies, and neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy. There are a few case reports of pyomyositis in patients who are exposed to taxane agents,8–11 however, fever and leukocytosis together with severe muscle pain are usual presentations in these patients and fluid collection will be found on imaging.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Abscess
- Antibiotic
- Bacteria
- Surgery
- Staphylococcus Aureus
- Infection
- Skeletal Muscle
- Quadriceps
- Gluteal Muscles
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus