Human Bocavirus
Dongyou Liu in Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Interestingly, the genus Erythroparvovirus consists of the species of primate erythroparvovirus 1, primate erythroparvovirus 2, primate erythroparvovirus 3, primate erythroparvovirus 4, rodent erythroparvovirus 1, and ungulate erythroparvovirus 1. As the first human-infecting parvovirus identified in 1975, primate erythroparvovirus 1 (generally referred to as B19 virus, parvovirus B19, or erythrovirus B19) is transmitted by respiratory droplets and blood, and causes erythema infectiosum (i.e., fifth disease or slapped cheek syndrome) in children, arthralgias and arthritis in adults, chronic anemia in AIDS patients, aplastic crisis (or reticulocytopenia) in patients with hemolytic syndromes (e.g., sickle cell anemia or hereditary spherocytosis), and hydrops fetalis in fetuses. It is notable that B19 V demonstrates a tropism for bone marrow and a lifelong persistence in heart tissue, whereas HBoV persists in lymphatic tissue and in tissues afflicted with chronic sinusitis [1,2,9].
Order Piccovirales
Paul Pumpens, Peter Pushko, Philippe Le Mercier in Virus-Like Particles, 2022
The human parvovirus B19 (B19V) belonging to the Primate erythroparvovirus 1 species played an outstanding role by the early development of the VLP technologies. The first described production of the B19V VP1 and VP2 was achieved in Chinese hamster ovary cells—where they formed virion-like VLPs (Kajigaya et al. 1989)—and in Cos-7 cells by the replication of hybrid B19V-SV40 origin vectors (Beard et al. 1989). Meanwhile, the B19V VLPs were produced in mammalian Cos-7 cells (Cohen et al. 1995). The mammalian cells-produced B19V proteins self-assembled into the VLPs that were morphologically and antigenically similar to the native B19V virions and could substitute for native antigen in a B19V IgM assay (Cohen et al. 1995). Later, Zhi et al. (2010) reported the mammalian cell type-specific production of the B19V VLPs and greatly increased outcome of both VP1 and VP2 in nonpermissive 293T and HeLa cells by codon optimization, which appeared to be a key factor in the capsid protein production in mammalian cells.
The clinical use of parvovirus B19 assays: recent advances
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2018
The family Parvoviridae includes viruses with a single-stranded DNA genome, encapsidated in a icosahedral protein capsid, about 22–26 nm in diameter. Replication occurs in the nucleus of infected cells and is highly dependent on cellular environment, so that a productive cycle is usually achieved only in actively dividing cells, or in some cases when supported by complementation from helper viruses. The subfamily Parvovirinae includes viruses infecting vertebrate hosts, within it the most recent taxonomical revision distinguishes eight viral genera, and within each genus individual virus species that collect the viral isolates normally recognized in clinical or laboratory settings. In the genus Erythroparvovirus, the species Primate erythroparvovirus 1 includes the human parvovirus B19 (B19V), and a further subdivision is introduced in three distinct B19V genotypes, that differ in their genome sequence by about 10%, while constituting a single serotype and showing similar biological properties [1].
Quantitative real-time PCR for differential diagnostics of parvovirus B19 infection in acute liver failure patients
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2019
Arthur Daniel Rocha Alves, Rita De Cassia Nasser Cubel Garcia, Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz, Marcelo Alves Pinto, Luciane Almeida Amado Leon
Human Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a member of the Erythroparvovirus genus within the Parvoviridae family, characterized by a marked tropism for erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow [1]. The B19V genome is a single-stranded DNA molecule with approximately 5600 nucleotides, which encodes two capsid proteins (VP1 and VP2), and a single nonstructural protein (NS1) essential for viral replication [2].
Related Knowledge Centers
- Parvoviridae
- Parvovirinae
- Parvovirus B19
- Virus
- Fifth Disease