Cardiovascular Health Informatics Computing Powered by Unobtrusive Sensing Computing, Medical Image Computing, and Information Fusion Analysis
Ayman El-Baz, Jasjit S. Suri in Cardiovascular Imaging and Image Analysis, 2018
Acquired physiological health information from unobtrusive sensors can be transmitted to a remote control center for storage and analysis based on wireless communication technologies. In this way, the patient's cardiovascular health information can be obtained out-of-hospital in real time. Not only can the medical costs caused by frequent visits to the hospital be reduced, but also these devices allow for taking preemptive actions in response to acute cardiac cardiovascular disease events. Sometimes, out-of-hospital measurement results are often more significant than the clinical diagnosis. It has been widely recognized that clinical blood pressure measurements may fail to reflect true information and may even provide some false clinical diagnostic information, such as white-coat hypertension. The experts suggest that patients with known or suspected hypertension are more likely to use a home-based blood pressure monitoring method [18]. In addition, it has been confirmed that independent risk factors for the prediction of cardiac cardiovascular disease mortality can be extracted from 24-hour blood pressure measurements, according to some clinical studies. The Ohasama clinical study shows that there is a significant linear relationship between relative hazard ratios and cardiac cardiovascular disease death [19]. Therefore, the acquisition of cardiovascular health information should not be confined to the hospital or physical examination center, but should cover daily life in every moment.
New Concepts in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Mark C Houston in The Truth About Heart Disease, 2023
There are many possible reasons for these findings:Genetics. Genetics are important in predicting the risk for CHD. These are often not measured by your doctor (Chapters 9 and 10).Proper testing. We must measure more sensitive indicators for CHD and measure them earlier. For example, it is important to measure endothelial dysfunction and conduct other noninvasive tests on the vascular system and heart to determine if there is early CHD. If so, then an aggressive, early prevention, and treatment program is warranted.CHD risk factors. The standard or top five CHD risk factors, as they are often touted, do not adequately identify individuals at risk for CHD. In addition, there are over 400 CHD risk factors. These are not measured, not known by many doctors, or they are ignored. For example, blood pressure should be measured in the office, at home, and by using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor. The blood cholesterol and other lipids should be measured using an advanced blood lipid testing method that measures not just total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides but also measures each of these related to particle numbers and size for LDL, HDL, and triglycerides. In addition, the HDL function should be measured.
Hypertension
Clive Handler, Gerry Coghlan, Nick Brown in Management of Cardiac Problems in Primary Care, 2018
Self-measurement of blood pressure is of clinical and prognostic value. The normal value of home, self-recorded blood pressure is < 130–135/85 mmHg. Doctors used to be reluctant to advise patients to record their own blood pressure, because they were not confident about the accuracy of the recordings, which may be taken when patients are stressed or anxious, or shortly after exercising. However, in the same way as some people like to check their weight, or measure their heart rate while exercising (both of which are sensible things to do), self-recording devices are popular with some patients who like to keep an eye on their blood pressure to check whether they are ‘healthy’ and their blood pressure is within normal limits. Accurate recordings assist the evaluation of treatment, and encourage patients to take their tablets.
PARP inhibitors: clinical relevance and the role of multidisciplinary cancer teams on drug safety
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2022
Mafalda Jesus, Manuel Morgado, Ana Paula Duarte
The information gathered above will be useful for the development of strategies, by the multidisciplinary health team, with a view to preventing or minimizing adverse reactions caused by PARPi. These strategies should involve providing information to the patient or their caregivers about: instructions for taking the medication correctly, precautions to be taken during administration, common side effects that may present during treatment, how to avoid them and how to act if they present, potential interactions with other medications and food, what to do if the patient miss a dose. In the case of adverse reactions at the level of the gastrointestinal system and nervous system, as well as at the nutritional level and fatigue, the multidisciplinary health team may also carry out non-pharmacological measures with a view to minimizing these adverse reactions. Patients taking rucaparib should be advised to avoid sun exposure and/or use sunscreens due to the increased risk of photosensitivity. Preexisting hypertension should be adequately controlled before starting PARPi treatment, particularly with niraparib. Blood pressure should be monitored at least weekly for two months, monitored monthly afterward for the first year and periodically thereafter during treatment. Home blood pressure monitoring may be considered for appropriate patients with instruction to contact their health care provider in case of rise in blood pressure.
A randomized controlled trial on ambulatory blood pressure lowering effect of CPAP in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and nocturnal hypertension
Published in Blood Pressure, 2020
Qi Chen, Yi-Bang Cheng, Meng Shen, Bin Yin, Hua-Hua Yi, Jing Feng, Min Li, Qing-Yun Li, Yan Li, Ji-Guang Wang
Home blood pressure monitoring was performed at baseline and at each of the follow-up visits using the Omron HEM-7080-C1 monitor. At the study entry, patients were instructed for the procedure of home blood pressure measurement. The patients were advised to measure their blood pressure at home three times consecutively every morning and evening, respectively, for seven consecutive days after the first run-in visit and before every clinic visit during follow-up, after at least 5 min of rest in the sitting position. A pause of 30–60 s was allowed between two successive measurements. The patients were also instructed to place an appropriately sized cuff directly on their non-dominant arm and keep the position of the cuff at the level of the heart. Morning blood pressure was measured before breakfast and drug intake (if treated) and within 1 h from waking up, and evening blood pressure at least 2 h after dinner, after shower or bath and drug intake (if treated), and before going to bed. The blood pressure and pulse rate readings in the morning and evening sessions were averaged separately and together for analysis.
Continuous positive airway pressure adherence and blood pressure lowering in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and nocturnal hypertension
Published in Blood Pressure, 2021
Jia-Hui Xia, Yuan-Yuan Kang, Yi-Bang Cheng, Qi-Fang Huang, Ting-Yan Xu, Yan Li, Ji-Guang Wang
Home blood pressure monitoring was performed at baseline and at each of the follow-up visits using the Omron HEM-7080-C1 monitor (Omron Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan). At the study entry, patients were instructed for the procedure of home blood pressure measurement. The patients were advised to measure their blood pressure at home three times consecutively every morning and evening, respectively, for seven consecutive days after the first run-in visit and before every clinic visit during follow-up, after at least 5 min rest in the sitting position. A pause of 30–60 s was allowed between two successive measurements. The patients were also instructed to place an appropriately sized cuff directly on their non-dominant arm and keep the position of the cuff at the level of the heart. Morning blood pressure was measured before breakfast and drug intake (if treated) and within one hour from waking up, and evening blood pressure at least two hours after dinner, after shower or bath and drug intake (if treated) and before going to bed. The blood pressure and pulse rate readings in the morning and evening sessions were averaged for analysis.
Related Knowledge Centers
- Cardiac Cycle
- Vital Signs
- Circulatory System
- Heart
- Blood Vessel
- Mean Arterial Pressure
- Brachial Artery
- Mercury
- Pulse Pressure
- Respiratory Rate