Genetics and Molecular Biology of Adipose Cell Characteristics
Claude Bouchard in The Genetics of Obesity, 2020
The observation that dormant preadipocytes are present in old animals as well as in elderly people has led to the identification of a panoply of adipogenic signals which are required in vitro for the terminal differentiation of preadipocytes. The role played by various hormones and factors in differentiating cells should not be confused with the role of the same hormones and factors in differentiated cells. In addition, because of uncertainty about the developmental stage of precursor cells from various sources at the time of inoculation, the characterization of cellular factors (adipogenic and antiadipogenic factors) has been and remains controversial. To add further complication, the (fetal) bovine serum used in most experiments contains positive and negative effectors, the proportions of which cannot be controlled. This makes comparisons difficult and has led investigators to use serum-free, chemically defined culture media.
Extracorporeal Purging of Bone Marrow Grafts by Dye-Sensitized Photoirradiation
Adrian P. Gee in BONE MARROW PROCESSING and PURGING, 2020
From a purely technical point of view, we would prefer to use fetal bovine serum, even for the processing of clinical marrow grafts. During the past 11 years, we must have used in excess of a dozen different lots of fetal bovine serum for marrow purging experiments, yet we have identified only one lot that caused irreproducible results because its photoprotective power declined rapidly upon storage. With human serum, the experience is much more limited and no information is available about the frequency of “unstable” lots. On the other hand, there are legitimate concerns about the potential transmission of bovine viruses, and, last but not least, regulatory approval is obtained more easily for a human than for a bovine blood product.
The use of Spheroids in the Study of Invasion
Rolf Bjerkvig in Spheroid Culture in Cancer Research, 2017
Fetal bovine serum is a complex mixture of, amongst other components, growth factors, adhesion and spreading factors, hormones, and enzyme inhibitors. Serum (5 to 10%, v/v) is necessary for the survival of some cell types in confronting culture, while other cell types are less serum dependent. MO4 and MDCK cells can be confronted successfully with PHF in serum-free media, and these experiments have shown that the assay still discriminates between invasive and noninvasive cells when serum is omitted during confronting culture.32
Chemoembolizing hepatocellular carcinoma with microsphere cored with arsenic trioxide microcrystal
Published in Drug Delivery, 2020
Degang Kong, Tao Jiang, Jian Liu, Xinyi Jiang, Bei Liu, Cheng Lou, Baobing Zhao, Steven L. Carroll, Gong Feng
Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) lactide:glycolide (PLGA) 50:50, molecular weight 30,000–60,000, was from Lactel (Birmingham, AL). Arsenic trioxide and dichloromethane (DCM) were from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH). Vitamin E-TPGS was from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). Calcein AM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) media, trypsin–EDTA, and streptomycin and penicillin antibiotics were from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA). Fetal bovine serum was from Atlanta Biologicals (Atlanta, GA). Growth factor reduced Matrigel was from Corning (Corning, NY). l-Luciferin was from Goldbio (St. Louis, MO). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), pH = 7.4, was from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA). All other reagents are purchased from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH). The human HCC cells with luciferase gene, Huh7-luc, was purchased from Japanese Collection of Research (Tokyo, Japan).
Amphiphilic block polymer-based self-assembly of high payload nanoparticles for efficient combinatorial chemo-photodynamic therapy
Published in Drug Delivery, 2020
Qisan Ma, Yanna Zhao, Qingran Guan, Yuping Zhao, Huaizhen Zhang, Zhuang Ding, Qingpeng Wang, Yushu Wu, Min Liu, Jun Han
Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) were purchased from Dalian Meilun Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Dalian, China). Cholesterol-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)2000 (Chol-PEG2000) was obtained from Xi’an ruixi Biological Technology Co., Ltd (Xi’an, China). Singlet oxygen sensor green reagent (SOSG) and 2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) were supplied by Dalian Meilun Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Dalian, China). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich Chemicals (Germany). RPMI-1640 was supplied by Hyclone Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Penicillin and streptomycin were procured from Gibco Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Excell Bio (Shanghai, China). All the other chemical reagents were of commercially accessible analytical grade and used directly throughout the experiments without further purification.
A HER2-targeted antibody-novel DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor conjugate induces durable adaptive antitumor immunity by activating dendritic cells
Published in mAbs, 2023
Xiaoding Tan, Peng Fang, Kaiying Li, Meng You, Yuxia Cao, Hui Xu, Xiaohong Zhu, Lu Wang, Xin Wei, Haiying Wen, Wendi Li, Lei Shi, Xiaowei Sun, Dongan Yu, Huikai Zhu, Zhenzhen Wang, Datao Liu, Hui Shen, Wei Zhou, Maomao An
The following cells lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection: human breast cancer cell lines BT474 and SK-BR-3, human gastric cancer cell line NCI-N87, human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3, mouse colon cancer cell line CT26.WT, and mouse breast cancer cell line EMT6. Cells were cultured in appropriate media containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 was purchased from the National Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures of Chinese Academy of Sciences and cultured in medium containing 10% FBS. CT26.WT-HER2, a cell line stably transfected with the full-length human HER2 gene, was purchased from BYinno Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium containing 10% FBS and 20 μg/mL puromycin (Gibco, Cat# 15070–063). The dendritic cells were purchased from Milestone (Shanghai) Biological Science & Technology Co. Ltd. and the informed consent for the scientific research in this study was obtained from the dendritic cells’ donors.