Physical inactivity and health
Sally Robinson in Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Physical activity reduces cardiovascular disease, including heart disease and stroke, by up to 35% (BHF, 2017). The risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease include those features associated with metabolic syndrome as well as stress, a poor diet, smoking and physical inactivity. Research shows that physical activity can help with stress managementis associated with healthier dietary behaviourscan provide a distraction to those people undergoing smoking cessation and counters the life-limiting effects of smokingremoves the risk factor of inactivity(Sharon-David and Tenebaum, 2017; Joo et al., 2019; Bize et al., 2010)
Natural Polyketides to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease
Catherina Caballero-George in Natural Products and Cardiovascular Health, 2018
A particularly pressing issue is the challenge the developing world faces with respect to combating the various factors that contribute to the development of CVD. These factors may be less avoidable in the developing world, and treatment there is not as widely available as it is in the developed world. Some of the factors that contribute to the development of CVD are smoking, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, poor diet, excessive alcohol consumption and high blood cholesterol. Various treatments have been created to improve cardiovascular health. These treatments include both lifestyle adjustments and medicinal interventions. Statin drugs can attribute their widespread success to their ability to reduce the levels of blood cholesterol as a means of reducing the patient’s risk of CVD-related mortality. This success is, in part, compounded by the fact that significant lifestyle changes, though recommended, are not required to achieve a lipid-lowering effect.
Sparking and Sustaining the Essential Functions of Research
Thomas S. Inui, Richard M. Frankel in Enhancing the Professional Culture of Academic Health Science Centers, 2022
The organizational benefits of this cycle are seen in improvements at Group Health in common chronic disease treatment, a major research area for many decades. Facing projections of growing chronic illnesses in the United States and worldwide, with many people having multiple conditions, Group Health researchers began a series of trials and observational studies to learn more about the needs of people with chronic diseases such as diabetes, asthma, and cardiovascular disease, to develop ways to more effectively manage their conditions in everyday community settings. The early studies led to observations of shortcomings in care as well as opportunities for improvement. Many of these studies were cited in the influential and inspirational IOM Crossing the Quality Chasm report.1
Association between vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case-control study
Published in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration, 2023
Tianmi Yang, Qianqian Wei, Chunyu Li, Bei Cao, Ruwei Ou, Yanbing Hou, Lingyu Zhang, Yongping Chen, Huifang Shang
Combinations of vascular risk factors were ascertained based on patients’ medical history, current treatment, and laboratory tests. Hypertension was defined as a history of hypertension, systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥140 mmHg, or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg. T2DM was defined as a history of T2DM or serum hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%. Hyperlipidemia was defined as a history of hyperlipidemia or serum total cholesterol ≥6.2 mmol/L. The administration of antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic drugs was reviewed. BMI was calculated (BMI = weight/height2, in kg/m2) and overweight was defined as BMI > 25 kg/m2. Smoking is a well-known vascular risk factor, both past and present smoking were labeled with smoking. Cardiovascular disease included coronary heart disease and stroke.
The effects of testosterone on transgender males on carotid intima-media thickness and serum inflammatory markers compared within patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2022
Ayşe Özlem Balık, Fisun Vural, Okşan Alpogan, Murat Özoğul, Emin Erhan Dönmez
This study had some limitations as hyperlipidemia and serum testosterone levels were not reanalyzed at the time of surgery. Many factors such as age, ethnicity, sex, family history, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diet, exercise, and obesity are associated with cardiovascular disease risk. It is very unlikely that increased CIMT can be attributed to testosterone use among so many risk factors. However, increased CIMT in the group with TGM is an important finding and the cause-effect relationship should be investigated in further studies. This study only investigated hematologic inflammatory markers, studies about inflammation are needed in transgenders. Another limitation of the study is that the evaluations belong to the early period of hormone replacement therapy; it would be more appropriate to evaluate TGMs after longer exposure to testosterone.
Developing a predictive equation of cardiovascular age to evaluate cardiovascular health in Chinese community-dwelling women
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2023
Increasing physical activity or dietary modification may improve cardiovascular health and lower cardiovascular disease risk. Many researchers pointed out that adults with exercise habits have better cardiovascular function and decreased risk of development of cardiovascular diseases (Dağıstan Akgöz et al., 2021; Sanches et al., 2021; Schroeder et al., 2019). Moreover, there have been several scholars reporting the relationship between dietary modification and cardiovascular health. They reported that having health nutrition are beneficial to keep blood pressure under control, reduce arterial stiffness and improve endothelial function (Elhayany et al., 2010; Sacks et al., 2014; Sofi et al., 2016). In general, participating in appropriate physical programs or health nutrition can improve or maintain cardiovascular function, which enable people to prevent diseases, stay active, maintain independence, and improve quality of life.
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