Probiotics Modulate Adaptive Immune Responses to Oral HRV Vaccines in HGM Transplanted Gn Pigs
Lijuan Yuan in Vaccine Efficacy Evaluation, 2022
In this chapter, the studies using an HGM pig model to evaluate the effects of probiotics on rotavirus vaccine-induced adaptive immunity were described. AttHRV vaccination conferred similar overall protection against rotavirus diarrhea and virus shedding in Gn pigs and HGM-transplanted Gn pigs. HGM promoted the development of the neonatal immune system, as evidenced by the significantly enhanced IFN-γ producing T cell responses and reduction of regulatory T cells and their cytokine production in the AttHRV-vaccinated pigs. The high dose Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG) feeding (14 doses, up to 10 9 colony-forming units [CFU]/dose) effectively increased the LGG counts in the HGM Gn pig intestinal contents and significantly enhanced HRV-specific IFN-γ producing T cell responses to the AttHRV vaccine. Low dose LGG (nine doses, up to 10 6 CFU/dose) was ineffective in enhancing T cell immune responses. When using probiotics to enhance the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of vaccines through improving the gut microbiota, sufficient dose and duration are needed.
Effects of probiotic administration on immune responses of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes to a quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine
Published in Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 2020
Sonia Bianchini, Ciriana Orabona, Barbara Camilloni, Maria Giulia Berioli, Alberto Argentiero, Davide Matino, Anna Alunno, Elisa Albini, Carmine Vacca, Maria Teresa Pallotta, Giulia Mancini, Giorgia Tascini, Giada Toni, Giada Mondanelli, Ettore Silvestri, Ursula Grohmann, Susanna Esposito
This study was planned to evaluate whether a 3-month treatment with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can modify immune system functions in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D), leading to an increased immune response to an injectable quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (QIV). A total of 87 pediatric patients with T1D were screened, although 34 patients in the Probiotic group and 30 in the Control group accepted to be vaccinated with QIV and completed the study. Vaccine immunogenicity and safety and the inflammatory cytokine response were studied. Results showed that QIV was immunogenic and safe in T1D pediatric patients and pre-administration of LGG for three months did not substantially modify the QIV humoral immunity. The combination of QIV and LGG reduced inflammatory responses (i.e., IFN-γ, IL17A, IL-17F, IL-6, and TNF-α) from activated PBMCs of pediatric patients with T1D, without dampening the production of seroprotective antibodies. In conclusion, QIV is associated with an adequate immunogenicity in children and adolescents with T1D in presence of a good safety profile. Although a systematic administration of LGG did not result in an improvement of humoral responses to an influenza vaccine, the probiotic did induce important anti-inflammatory effects.
Formulation and evaluation of UV protective synbiotic skin care topical formulation
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2019
Objective: The objective of current study to investigate the photo protective potential of synbiotic formulation comprising of prebiotic and probiotic. Methods: Selenium nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction method and investigated for physical-chemical properties including morphology, physical state, and free radical scavenging potential. Selection of probiotic biomass was made on the free radical scavenging potential by using NO assay. A topical w/o emulsion-based cream was prepared with screened ingredients to achieve a stable product with optimum free radical scavenging potential. The finished product was investigated for various mechanical, physiochemical, and viscoelastic characteristics. The SPF of optimized formulation was determined in UV-stimulated Wistar rat model. Results: Results indicated that the finished product shows nanoscale feature of elemental selenium. Cream comprising of potential free radical reagent (Selenium nanoparticles with IC50 50.097 µg/ml and biomass of Lactobacillus rhamnosus have IC50 61.63 µg/ml) exhibits a SPF of 29.77. Optimized skin care formulation has desirable physiochemical and viscoelastic properties required for topical application. Histopathology and Draize test indicated the finished product does not show any sign of skin toxicity. Conclusion: Results inferred that topical formulation combining the features of selenium and probiotic biomass offer an effective alternative for the treatment of sunburn complications.
Characterization of the immunomodulatory and anti-
Published in Biofouling, 2019
Valeria Garcia-Castillo, Ana María Marín-Vega, Alejandra Ilabaca, Leonardo Albarracín, Guillermo Marcial, Haruki Kitazawa, Apolinaria Garcia-Cancino, Julio Villena
The ability to form biofilms and the potential immunomodulatory properties of the human gastric isolate Lactobacillus rhamnosus UCO-25A were characterized in vitro. It was demonstrated that L. rhamnosus UCO-25A is able to form biofilms on abiotic and cell surfaces, and to modulate the inflammatory response triggered by Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric epithelial cells and THP-1 macrophages. L. rhamnosus UCO-25A exhibited a substantial anti-inflammatory effect in both cell lines and improved IL-10 levels produced by challenged macrophages. Additionally, UCO-25A protected AGS cells against H. pylori infection with a higher pathogen inhibition when a biofilm was formed. Given the importance of inflammation in H. pylori-mediated diseases, the differential modulation of the inflammatory response in the gastric mucosa by an autochthonous strain is an attractive alternative for improving H. pylori eradication and reducing the severity of the diseases that arise from the resulting chronic inflammation.
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