Calcitonin
Fuad S. Ashkar, Lelio G. Colombetti in Radiobioassays, 2019
Copp et al.5 reported their discovery of a hypocalcemic principle liberated from the thyroid-parathyroid system of dogs in perfusion studies. They presumed that it came from the parathyroids, and named it “calcitonin”. The next year, as a result of independent work, Hirsch, Gauthier, and Munson6 reported their discovery of a hypocalcemic principle liberated from rat thyroid during electrocautery of the adjacent parathyroid tissue, and termed this substance “thyrocalcitonin”. The following year, Foster and colleagues7 established the thyroidal origin, and with the source no longer in dispute, most writers have adopted the shorter original name. The cell of origin, referred to as the “C-cell” or the parafollicular cell, is derived from the rhomboencephalic region of the neural crest,8, 9 forms a separate organ called the ultimobranchial gland in lower vertebrates, and is found scattered nonuniformly through the thyroid gland in mammals.10, 11 This is one component of the neuroendocrine amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) system.12
Impacts of resveratrol versus platelet-rich plasma for treatment of experimentally lithium-induced thyroid follicular cell toxicity in rats. A histological and immunohistochemical study
Published in Ultrastructural Pathology, 2019
Abeer M. El-Mahalaway, Nahla El-Eraky El-Azab
Group I (control groups): This group showed normal follicular cells with short apical microvilli projecting into the follicular lumen and resting on the basement membrane. The cytoplasm displayed a central euchromatic nucleus, with regular nuclear membrane and clumps of heterochromatin, parallel cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi saccules, and multiple mitochondria. The blood capillaries and wide intercellular spaces which indicated hyperactivity of the cell were seen (Figure 5a, b, and c). The normal parafollicular cell was also presented with euchromatic nucleus and its cytoplasm revealed parallel cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum, multiple mitochondria, and free ribosomes. Follicular cell had divided euchromatic nucleus and peripheral heterochromatin was seen (Figure 5c).
Sub-chronic and developmental toxicity of transdermal delivery of Renzhu ointment in young SD rats
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2022
Fuzhen Yang, Mengfei Cao, Lian Zhong, Ni Xiao, Guanfeng Chen, Qian Cao, Fengke Huang, Jun Zhang, Huifen He
After administration, adrenal cortex mineralisation was observed in 1 sample at the dose of 0.9 g/kg/day. At the end of the recovery period, the pathologies were 1 focal atrophy of seminal vesicle and 1 increased parafollicular cell (the thyroid C cells) in the 0.9 g/kg/day group. The above lesions only appeared in a few samples, and the incidence of lesions was low, which was considered as spontaneous lesions. At the end of the administration and the end of the recovery period, repeated transdermal delivery of 0.9 g/kg/day dose showed no toxic pathological damage to various tissues and organs of SD rats (Figure 4).
Related Knowledge Centers
- Basement Membrane
- Calcitonin
- Calcium Metabolism
- Endoderm
- Neural Crest
- Neuroendocrine Cell
- Thyroid Follicular Cell
- Thyroid
- Ultimopharyngeal Body
- Pharyngeal Pouch