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Atrial Natriuretic Peptide, Sodium Transport Systems, and Essential Hypertension
Published in Antonio Coca, Ricardo P. Garay, Ionic Transport in Hypertension: New Perspectives, 2019
Josep Closas, Jean R. Cusson, Pierre Larochelle
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is one of the circulating hormones with blood pressure related biological actions which has been intensively studied in the last decade. The involvement of ANP in the pathophysiology of hypertensive disorders and its therapeutic potential as an antihypertensive agent have been explored in some detail. The purpose of this chapter is to review the available data on ANP and sodium transport systems. However, a brief overview on ANP and a more specific discussion of some aspects of the involvement of ANP in hypertensive disorders are initially presented. The current knowledge on ANP has been the subject of several excellent reviews to which the reader is referred.1-3
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (Anp), Neuropeptide Y (Npy), And Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (Cgrp) In The Cardiovascular System Of Man And Animals *
Published in Geoffrey Burnstock, Susan G. Griffith, Nonadrenergic Innervation of Blood Vessels, 2019
Julia M. Polak, Stephen R. Bloom
Elevations of ANP have been recently described in experimental hypertension34 and cardiac insufficiency.35, 36 Chronic infusion of ANP in rats that have had a clip applied to one renal artery prevents the development of hypertension in these animals. Correlation between the quantities of messenger RNA and peptide concentration have, furthermore, been noted in experimental animals.37
The circulatory system
Published in Laurie K. McCorry, Martin M. Zdanowicz, Cynthia Y. Gonnella, Essentials of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology for Pharmacy and Allied Health, 2019
Laurie K. McCorry, Martin M. Zdanowicz, Cynthia Y. Gonnella
For example, the pharmacologic inhibition of NO synthesis under normal conditions and during septic shock results in a significant elevation of blood pressure. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is produced by specialized myocytes in the atria of the heart. Secretion is stimulated by increased filling and stretch of the atria in response to plasma volume expansion. The effects of ANP include vasodilation, diuresis (increased urine production) and increased sodium excretion. Taken together, these effects decrease blood volume and blood pressure back toward normal.
Ameliorating effect of rutin against diclofenac-induced cardiac injury in rats with underlying function of FABP3, MYL3, and ANP
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Ashish Dogra, Dilpreet Kour, Abhishek Gour, Mahir Bhardwaj, Swarnendu Bag, Shakti Kumar Dhiman, Ajay Kumar, Gurdarshan Singh, Utpal Nandi
ANP, a cardiac hormone, helps in maintaining the balance of body fluids and blood pressure. It is produced mainly by the atrial myocytes during cardiac injury (Kim and Kass 2016). ANP is reported to induce apoptosis in cardiac myocytes (Najenson et al. 2018). So elevated level of ANP contributes to ROS generation and subsequently induces oxidative stress leading to myocardial injury (Shah et al. 2011). On the other hand, FABP3 is mostly present in the heart muscle and rapidly releases during cell injury. It also promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis (Song et al. 2012, Shingu et al. 2018). The present study results suggest that rutin has a pronounced effect on down-regulating ANP and FABP3 that can minimize oxidative stress and apoptosis leading to protection of cardiac damage. The anti-apoptotic effect of rutin can also be explained by the specific marker for apoptosis. It is linked to mitochondrial impairment and Bcl-2 is considered as a gatekeeper for the apoptotic response (Takahashi et al. 2004). Procaspse-3, an apoptotic marker that upon activation resulting in the proteolytic cleavage leading to cell death (Zhang et al. 2005). The above-mentioned effect of rutin on various enzymes/proteins, along with histopathological observations and SEM findings, illustrates that rutin is efficient in conserving the heart against diclofenac-induced cardiac injury. Therefore, rutin possibly acts by minimizing the following events toward its cardioprotective effect against diclofenac-induced cardiac injury.
Perceived challenges in delivering comprehensive care for patients following stroke: a qualitative study of stroke care providers in Guangdong Province, China
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Chanchan Wu, Guanyang Zou, Minjie Chen, Lihong Wan, Karina Kielmann, Brendan McCormack
Most of the care providers repeatedly reported that patients lacked awareness of stroke onset, for example, patients tended to arrive late at the hospital because they did not know about stroke, thereby missing the optimal treatment time. Providers also reported that many patients and their relatives had limited stroke prevention knowledge. It is worth noting that several doctors from both hospitals specifically pointed out to the importance of TCM as a factor that might influence treatment-seeking patterns. For example, a doctor from H2 [ID9] suggested that “…many Chinese elderly people are convinced by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and often take Chinese medicine without any doctors’ advice, (they) especially use Angong Niuhuang Pills (ANP) extensively”. Concerns about the side effects, safety and effectiveness of ANP were also expressed:
Areca nut procyanidins prevent ultraviolet light B-induced photoaging via suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinases in mouse skin
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Chia-Ling Weng, Chih-Chiang Chen, Han-Hsing Tsou, Tsung-Yun Liu, Hsiang-Tsui Wang
UVB is generally selected for photoaging studies due to its established role in biological processes such as sunburn, tanning responses, immunomodulation, skin cancer, and the collective alterations that constitute photoaging (Lund and Timmins 2007). In this study, we exposed dorsal skin of CD-1 mice to UVB radiation at 1 MED throughout a 3-week period (three exposures per week (Figure 1). These doses were expected to produce clinical erythema in humans (the beginning stages of sunburn). As shown in Figure 2(A), we found a number of abnormalities potentially relevant to human photoaging, including increased skin roughness, furrow formation, and alteration of elasticity. Pretreatment of EGCG or ANP prevented skin from UVB-induced photodamage (Figure 2(A)). In addition, ANP (10 or 20 mg/kg) had a similar protective effect compared to EGCG (20 mg/kg). Each mouse (approximately 25 g in weight) was treated with EGCG (20 mg/kg) or ANP (10 or 20 mg/kg) by oral gavage every day, starting 10 days before UVB irradiation until 24 h after the last UVB irradiation. There was no significant difference in average mouse weight between different experimental groups (Figure 2(B)).